This document is an Operator's Manual for Volvo Penta 13L industrial diesel engines, specifically models TAD1360VE, TAD1361VE, TAD1362VE, TAD1363VE, TAD1364VE, and TAD1365VE. It provides comprehensive information on the correct, safe operation and maintenance of these engines.
Function Description
The Volvo Penta 13L engines are in-line, six-cylinder, direct injection industrial diesel engines. They are equipped with an Engine Management System (EMS), a turbocharger, a charge air cooler, thermostatically controlled cooling systems, and electronic speed control. A key feature for emission reduction is the Exhaust Aftertreatment System (EATS), which utilizes Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) technology.
The EMS is an electronic system with CAN communication for diesel engine control, developed by Volvo Penta. It includes fuel regulation and diagnostic functions. The system's control unit, injectors, and various sensors provide precise data on operating conditions, allowing for electronic control of injection amount and timing. This ensures optimal fuel consumption and minimal exhaust emissions. The diagnostic function detects and locates malfunctions, protecting components from damage and indicating issues via warning lamps, flashing diagnostic lamps, or text messages on the instrument panel. Serious malfunctions can lead to engine shutdown or reduced power output.
The EATS reduces emissions to comply with statutory levels. It treats exhaust gases by adding AdBlue®/DEF (Diesel Exhaust Fluid) before they pass through a catalytic converter. NOx sensors monitor exhaust gas levels, and the engine control unit calculates the optimal AdBlue®/DEF amount based on engine load and speed for efficient NOx reduction. The EATS system is monitored to ensure proper functioning of all components, correct AdBlue®/DEF quality, and sufficient tank levels. Deviations trigger warnings, reduce engine torque and speed, and store fault codes. The system is designed with automatic drainage to prevent damage from freezing AdBlue®/DEF in hoses, pump, and injector when the engine is switched off.
Important Technical Specifications
Engines:
- Type designation: TAD1360/61/62/63/64/65VE
- No. of cylinders: 6
- Bore: 131 mm (5.16 inch)
- Stroke: 158 mm (6.22 inch)
- Displacement: 12.78 dm³ (780 in³)
- Weight, wet (Engine): 1325 kg (2921 lb)
- Weight, wet (Power Pac): 1790 kg (3946 lb)
- Firing order: 1-5-3-6-2-4
- Compression ratio: 18.1:1
- Idling speed: 600–1200 rpm
Lubrication System:
- Oil capacity including oil filters (approx.):
- Oil pan, plastic: 36 liters (9.51 US gal)
- Oil pan, aluminum: 52 liters (13.74 US gal)
- Oil pan, aluminum (flat): 45 liters (11.89 US gal)
- Oil pressure, hot engine (at operating speed 1900 rpm): 260-560 kPa (38-81 psi)
- Oil filter: Full flow filter (2), By-pass filter (1)
- Lube oil pump: Gear driven
- Oil recommendations: VDS-3, VDS-2. Oil change interval: 600 hours or 12 months (whichever comes first). Volvo Penta recommends SAE 10W-30 for optimal durability and fuel consumption.
Fuel System:
- Feed pump pressure:
- at 900 rpm: min 100 kPa (14.5 psi)
- at 1800 rpm: min 300 kPa (43.5 psi)
- at full load: min 300 kPa (43.5 psi)
- Bypass valve opening pressure: 400-550 kPa (58–80 psi)
- Fuel quality requirements: Diesel fuels complying with EN 590, ASTM D975, JIS K2204, and EN 15940. Max density 860 kg/m³, Min cetane number 40, Viscosity 1.9 to 4.6 mm/s² at 40 °C, Max lubricity (wsd 1.4) 520 μm, Max FAME (biodiesel) content 10% (V/V), Max sulfur content 15 mg/kg. Paraffinic fuels (HVO and GTL) complying with EN 15940 are also approved.
Cooling System:
- Type: Pressurized, sealed
- Pressure cap, max opening pressure: 100 kPa (14.5 psi)
- Coolant volume (engine): 20 liters (5.28 US gal)
- Coolant volume (engine with standard radiator and hoses):
- Radiator, standard: 44 liters (11.6 US gal)
- Radiator, HD (Heavy Duty): 58 liters (15.3 US gal)
- Thermostat: 1 pc, opening temperature 82°C (180°F)
- Coolant type: Organic Acid Technology (OAT) based. Volvo Penta Coolant VCS Ready Mixed or concentrate is recommended. Must be mixed with distilled, deionized water according to ASTM D4985 water quality standards.
Inlet and Exhaust System (AdBlue®/DEF):
- Usable volume (AdBlue®/DEF):
- Small tank: 17.4 liters (4.54 US gal)
- Medium tank: 38.6 liters (10.2 US gal)
- Large tank: 68 liters (17.96 US gal)
- X Large tank: 164.2 liters (43.38 US gal)
- Consumption of Urea: 4–6 percent of fuel consumption for Euro-4 and Euro-5 engines.
- AdBlue®/DEF freezing point: -11 °C (12.2 °F). Tank is equipped with a heating coil using engine coolant. Hoses are electrically heated. System handles thawing from -40 °C (-40 °F).
- AdBlue®/DEF quality: Must meet ISO 22241 standards / API AUS 32.
Electrical System:
- System voltage: 24V
- Alternator: 28V/110A, 2200W
- Battery capacity: 2 pcs. series connected 12 V, max. 220 Ah
- Battery electrolyte specific gravity at +25 °C:
- Fully charged battery: 1.28 g/cm³ (1.24 g/cm³)*
- Battery recharged at: 1.20 g/cm³ (1.20 g/cm³)*
- *Note: Applies to batteries with tropical acid.
- Circuit breaker: 10 A circuit breaker.
Usage Features
- Starting: The engine can be started with or without pre-heating, depending on ambient temperature (pre-heating required below 0°C/32°F). The DCU (Display Control Unit) facilitates starting and monitoring. The starter motor cranking time is maximized to 20 seconds to prevent overheating.
- Operation: Regular monitoring of instruments is crucial. Avoid prolonged idling or low-load operation to prevent "slobber" (unburned fuel and oil mixture in exhaust gases) and carbon build-up. The manual provides guidelines for operating the engine at sufficient load and temperature to burn off deposits.
- Engine Shutdown: For short breaks, simply stop the engine using the STOP button. For longer periods (two months or more), the engine requires preservation, including warming up every two weeks to prevent corrosion.
- Display Control Unit (DCU): An optional accessory offering engine control, monitoring, diagnostics, and parameter setting. It displays engine data (speed, pressures, temperatures, hours, battery voltage, fuel consumption), allows manual pre-heating activation, governor mode selection (droop), and shows fault codes.
- Easy Link Instruments: Available instruments include tachometer/hours counter (also displays fault codes), coolant temperature, oil pressure, oil temperature, battery voltage, alarm panel, and turbo pressure.
- AdBlue®/DEF Filling: The filler pipe is equipped with a blue cap to prevent confusion. A nozzle with a built-in shut-off function (ISO 22241 standard) should be used to prevent overfilling. The tank level is monitored, and low levels trigger warnings and engine power limitations.
- Fault Handling: The diagnostic function informs of malfunctions via fault codes displayed on the DCU or tachometer. These codes guide troubleshooting and can lead to torque derate, idle speed only, or engine shutdown, depending on severity. EATS warnings and inducements are triggered by issues with AdBlue®/DEF quality, tank level, or component defects, leading to power reduction schedules.
Maintenance Features
- Maintenance Schedule: Regular servicing according to Volvo Penta's Service Protocol is essential for reliability, long life, and environmental impact. Service intervals are specified by both operational and calendar times.
- General Inspection: Daily visual checks of the engine and compartment for leaks, loose bolts, worn belts, and damaged hoses are recommended before and after operation.
- Air Filter: Equipped with electronic indication for pressure drop. The filter should be checked every 8 hours in continuous operation, more frequently in dirty environments. Old filters must be scrapped, not cleaned or reused.
- Charge Air Pipe: Inspect hoses, unions, and clamps for damage. Tighten clamps to 9 ±2 Nm.
- Drive Belt and Alternator Belt: Inspect for wear or cracks. Belts have automatic tensioners. Replace if worn or damaged.
- Lubrication System: Oil level checks should be done when the engine is stopped. Oil changes must be performed when the engine is hot. Oil filters should be replaced with new ones, ensuring clean mating surfaces and lubricated seals.
- Fuel System: Regular draining of condensate from the fuel pre-filter is necessary. Fuel filters should be replaced when the engine is cold. The fuel system may need bleeding after filter replacement.
- Cooling System: Coolant level should be checked daily. Only Volvo Penta recommended coolant should be used and mixed with distilled/deionized water. The cooling system should be cleaned periodically to remove deposits.
- Inlet and Exhaust System (AdBlue®/DEF): Keep the AdBlue®/DEF tank clean to prevent contamination. The AdBlue®/DEF pump filter requires regular changing. Proper handling of AdBlue®/DEF is crucial due to its corrosive nature; wear protective gloves and clean spills immediately.
- Electrical System: Main switches should be turned off before working on the electrical system. Never disconnect main switches or battery cables while the engine is running. Check electrical connections for dryness, oxide, and tightness.
- Battery: Maintenance includes keeping batteries clean and dry, removing oxidation from terminals, tightening connections, and regular charging. Batteries should be fully charged during storage to prevent damage.
- Storage: For long-term storage (2 months or more), the engine must be conserved, including oil and filter changes, fuel system conservation, coolant checks, battery disconnection and charging, and external cleaning.
Need help?
General
To Next Page