Delta Elektronika M Series - User Manual

M - SERIES
LINEAR POWER SUPPLIES WITH HIGH EFFICIENCY AND HIGH RELIABILITY
The M-series has proved to be one of the most reliable series of modular power supplies. Many thousands are being
used without any problems for more than 25 years. According to our statistics over many years the average number of
repairs is less than one per thousand per year, including faults caused by wrong use. The circuits of these linears are
very simple compared with the complexity of switchers. The number of components is only a fraction of that of a
switcher. Moreover the components are very reliable.
The disadvantages compared with switchers are the relatively larger weight and dimensions and a lower efficiency.
The M-series modular power supplies are designed for use at a fixed output voltage. The M 15-16 HE for 15 V 16 A has a
tap point on the transformer secondary so that it can also be used at 12 V 16 A. In the same way the M 60-5 HE can also
be used at 48 V 5 A.
Model
V
out
I
out
Efficiency Size
M 15 - 16 HE
12 V / 15 V
16 A
70 % half rack
M 24 - 12 HE
24 V 12 A
74 % half rack
M60-5HE
48 V / 60 V
5 A
75 % half rack
M 24 - 20 HE
24 V 20 A
74 % full rack
M 48 - 10 HE
48 V 10 A
75 % full rack
Some features are:
*
Extra output terminal via a built-in diode for use in redundant operation
*
Built-in adjustable overvoltage protection (crowbar type)
*
Very low output ripple
*
Fast response to load transients
*
No generation of RFI
*
It withstands the high energy impulse test 2.3 Û
N
1.3 ms of VDE 0160
*
Split bobbin transformer
half rack
full rack
P.O. BOX 27
4300 AA ZIERIKZEE
NETHERLANDS
TEL. +31 111 413656
FAX +31 111 416919
www.DeltaPowerSupplies.com

Summary

M-Series Linear Power Supplies

M-Series Product Overview and Reliability

Introduction to the M-series, highlighting high efficiency, reliability, and simplicity.

M-Series Model Specifications

Details M-series models with output voltage, current, efficiency, and size specifications.

M-Series Key Features

Summarizes key features like redundant operation, overvoltage protection, and low ripple.

M-Series Power Supply Specifications

Input, Fuses, and Power Factor

Details input voltage ranges, fuse types, ratings, and power factor for M-series units.

Insulation, Safety, and EMC Compliance

Covers insulation specifications, safety standards (EN, VDE), and EMC conformity.

Performance Characteristics and Recovery

Details performance metrics like temperature coefficient, drift, impedance, and output recovery time.

Operational Parameters: Regulation, Hold-up, and Noise

Covers voltage regulation, hold-up time, and ripple/noise specifications.

M-Series Operational Modes and Adjustment

Output Voltage Adjustment Ranges

Defines the adjustable output voltage ranges for various M-series power supply models.

Efficiency Ratings and Optimization

Discusses the efficiency of the M-series and methods to improve it.

Parallel and Redundant Operation Configurations

Explains configurations for parallel operation (current sharing) and redundancy.

M-Series Physical Configuration and Protection

Series Operation and Protective Features

Describes series connection capability and protective functions like OVP and UV alarm.

Cooling, Temperature, and Mounting

Guidance on cooling, operating temperature limits, derating, and rack mounting.

Physical Dimensions and Accessories

Details unit dimensions, weight, and optional accessories like perforated covers.

M-Series Safety and Handling Guidelines

General Safety Precautions and Warnings

Essential precautions for safe operation, service, and repair of the power supplies.

Grounding and Fuse Replacement Procedures

Instructions for proper electrical grounding and authorized fuse replacement.

Environmental Conditions and Disposal

Operating Environmental Parameters

Specifies environmental operating parameters such as temperature, humidity, and altitude.

WEEE Product Disposal Guidelines

Information regarding the correct disposal of M-series products under WEEE regulations.

Load Division and Fuse Implementation

DC Output Fuse Considerations

Discusses limitations of DC output fuses and suggests alternatives like circuit breakers.

Capacitor Use for Voltage Dip Mitigation

Explains how adding capacitors can improve performance during fuse blow events.

Redundant Operation and Current Limiting

Setting Up Redundant Parallel Operation

Guide to configuring power supplies for redundant parallel operation using diodes.

Current Limit Adjustment for Parallel Use

Instructions for adjusting current limit for proper load sharing in parallel setups.

Optional Alarm Circuit Integration

Details on optional alarm circuits (P366) for monitoring power supply status.

OVP Setting and Inrush Current Control

How to Set Overvoltage Protection (OVP)

Step-by-step instructions for configuring the OVP tripping point on M-series units.

OVP Adjustment with Transformer Taps

Specific guidance for setting OVP when using alternative transformer taps.

Inrush Current Limiter Functionality

Explanation of the inrush current limiter and its peak current limitations.

Field Wiring Instructions

Wiring Specifications and Torque

Guidelines for field wiring, including conductor material, temperature class, and terminal torque.

EC Declaration of Conformity

Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Declaration

Formal declaration of M-series compliance with EMC directives and standards.

Electrical Safety Compliance Declaration

Formal declaration of M-series compliance with Low Voltage Directive and safety standards.

Overview

1. Function Description
2. Important Technical Specifications
3. Input
4. Output
5. General
6. Usage Features
7. Maintenance Features

The Delta Elektronika M-Series comprises linear power supplies designed for high efficiency and reliability, suitable for a wide range of industrial and laboratory applications. These modular power supplies have a proven track record of reliability, with many thousands in use for over 25 years and an average repair rate of less than one per thousand per year, including faults caused by misuse. Their simple circuit design, compared to switchers, uses fewer and more reliable components. While they are heavier and larger than switchers and have lower efficiency, their robust design ensures consistent performance.

Function Description:

The M-Series power supplies are designed to provide a stable DC output voltage. They feature a linear regulation topology, which is known for its low output ripple and fast response to load transients. This makes them ideal for sensitive applications where clean power is critical. The units are equipped with a built-in adjustable overvoltage protection (OVP) of the crowbar type, which shorts the output in case of an overvoltage condition, protecting the connected load. An extra output terminal with a built-in diode is provided for redundant operation, enhancing system reliability. The current limit is adjustable from approximately 40% to 100% of the rated current, with a 'delayed fold back' characteristic to prevent issues during the switching-on of series-connected power supplies or non-linear loads. Remote sensing is available to compensate for voltage drops across load leads, ensuring accurate voltage delivery at the load point.

Important Technical Specifications:

Input:

• Input Voltage: 110-120-230-240 V, 48/62 Hz (adjustable by changing transformer taps).
• Input Current (230 V): Half rack models draw 2.2 A, full rack models draw 3.5 A.
• Fuses (5 x 20 mm, slow blow):
  • Half rack: 4 A T at 230 V, 6.3 A at 110 V.
  • Full rack: 6.3 A T at 230 V, 10 A at 110 V.
• Power Factor: 0.8.
• Inrush Current (M 24-12HE after serial nr 8900): Limited to 10A at 230V 50 Hz and 20A at 110V 50 Hz during one cycle.
• Hold-up Time (230 V input):
  • 24 V units: 20 ms at full load, 50 ms at half load.
  • Other models: 15 ms at full load, 30 ms at half load.

Output:

• Output Voltage Adjustment Range:
  • M 24-12 HE: 24-28 V
  • M 24-20 HE: 24-28 V
  • M 48-10 HE: 48-54 V
  • M 15-16 HE: 12-14 V (if connected for 12 V), 15-17 V (if connected for 15 V).
  • M 60-5 HE: 48-54 V (if connected for 48 V), 60-64 V (if connected for 60 V).
• Voltage Regulation: 0.02% for a +10% to -10% line variation, 0.02% for a 0-100% load change.
• Ripple + Noise: 0.2 mVrms (BW = 300 kHz), 5 mVp-p (BW = 50 MHz).
• Output Impedance: Less than 0.1 Ohm at 0 to 100 kHz load frequency.
• Recovery Time: 25 µs for recovery to within 30 mV of steady state voltage after a step load change from 10% to 100%. Maximum deviation: Less than 0.25 V.
• Temperature Coefficient: 0.01% per °C.
• Drift: Less than 0.1% per 8 hours under constant ambient and load conditions after 1 hour warm-up.

General:

• Efficiency: 70% to 75% (high for linear power supplies).
• Insulation: Input to output: 4 kV RMS; Input to case: 2500 V RMS; Output to case: 500 V DC.
• Ambient Temperature: -20 to +50 °C at full output. From +50 to +75 °C, the output current must be derated linearly to 20% at 75 °C.
• Cooling: Natural convection cooling. Sufficient space must be kept above and below the unit for vertical airflow.
• MTBF: 1,000,000 hours.
• Dimensions and Weight:
  • Half rack (h x w x d): 132.5 x 206 x 260 mm, 8.8 kg.
  • Full rack (h x w x d): 132.5 x 412 x 260 mm, 16.0 kg.

Usage Features:

• Fixed Output Voltage Design: While designed for fixed output, specific models (M15-16 HE, M60-5 HE) have transformer tap points allowing operation at different voltages (e.g., 12V or 15V for M15-16 HE; 48V or 60V for M60-5 HE). It's crucial to connect to the correct tap when adjusting the output voltage downwards to prevent overheating of series pass transistors.
• Redundant Operation: An extra positive output terminal with a built-in diode facilitates redundant parallel operation. In this mode, the outputs must be separated by diodes, and the output voltage needs to be adjusted higher (e.g., 24.5V for a 24.0V load) to compensate for the diode's voltage drop (0.5V). Remote sensing is not recommended for redundant parallel operation.
• Parallel Operation: Units can be operated in parallel, though current sharing may not be perfectly equal. Current sharing improves with equal length load wires and equally adjusted output voltages. The current limit of each unit prevents overloading. For higher ambient temperatures, the current limit can be set lower. OVP must be turned out of range (high) as it's rated for a single power supply. Remote sensing is not recommended.
• Remote Sensing: Compensates for voltage drops across load leads, allowing up to 2V compensation per load lead. A 1000 µF capacitor across the load can help lower impedance with long leads.
• Overvoltage Protection (OVP): Built-in crowbar type, adjustable up to 8V above the output voltage range. It's recommended to set the OVP tripping point at least 2V higher than the output to avoid accidental tripping.
• Undervoltage Alarm (Optional): Built-in P366.
• Rack Mounting: Two half-rack units can be rack-mounted using H7 brackets. Empty half-rack modules (M 1/2) are available.
• Wall Mounting: Half-rack units can be wall-mounted with two H7 brackets (without grip).
• Wiring: Use copper conductors only, temperature class 75 °C. Tightening torque for field wiring terminals: 0.6 – 0.8 Nm.

Maintenance Features:

• Fuse Replacement: Fuses must only be changed by authorized Delta Elektronika service personnel to maintain fire protection.
• Parts Substitution & Modifications: Only authorized Delta Elektronika service personnel are permitted to substitute parts or modify the unit. For repairs or modifications, the unit must be returned to a Delta Elektronika service facility.
• Safety: The transformer features a split bobbin design (VDE 0551, CEE 15) for enhanced safety. The device is a safety Class 1 instrument, requiring proper grounding to minimize shock hazards. Operating personnel should not remove the instrument cover, and no internal adjustments or component replacements are allowed by non-qualified personnel. Always disconnect power, discharge circuits, and remove external voltage sources before touching components.
• Environmental Conditions: Designed for indoor use, with an ambient temperature range of -20 to 50 °C. Maximum relative humidity is 95% (non-condensing) up to 40 °C, and 75% (non-condensing) up to 50 °C. Altitude up to 2000m, pollution degree 2.
• WEEE Compliance: The product is marked for separate collection and recycling at the end of its working life, in accordance with European Union directives.

Delta Elektronika M Series Specifications