SE-3 Electrocardiograph Service Manual Operating Principle
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Each lead represents a particular orientation in space, as indicated below (RA = Right Arm, LA =
Left Arm, LL = Left Leg):
Bipolar limb leads (frontal plane):
Lead I: RA (-) to LA (+) (right left, or lateral)
Lead II: RA (-) to LL (+) (superior inferior)
Lead III: LA (-) to LL (+) (superior inferior)
Augmented unipolar limb leads (frontal plane):
Lead aVR: RA (+) to [LA & LL] (-) (rightward)
Lead aVL: LA (+) to [RA & LL] (-) (leftward)
Lead aVF: LL (+) to [RA & LA] (-) (inferior)
Unipolar (+) chest leads (horizontal plane):
Leads V1, V2, V3: (posterior anterior)
Leads V4, V5, V6: (right left, or lateral)
Figure 3-2 Standard Limb Leads
RA: Right arm
LA: Left arm
LL: Left leg
V1: Fourth intercostal space at the right border of the sternum
V2: Fourth intercostal space at the left border of the sternum
V3: Fifth rib between V2 and V4
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