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Lombardini 12LD 435-2/B1 User Manual

Lombardini 12LD 435-2/B1
50 pages
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12LD 435-2
12LD 435-2/B1
12LD 475-2
12LD 475-2 EPA
WORK SHOP MANUAL
12LD Series engines,
cod. 1-5302-460_3
rd
ed.

Table of Contents

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Lombardini 12LD 435-2/B1 Specifications

General IconGeneral
Engine TypeDiesel
Number of Cylinders2
Fuel SystemIndirect injection
Engine Stroke4-stroke
Lubrication SystemForced lubrication with gear pump
Starting SystemElectric start
Governor TypeMechanical
Fuel Consumption260 g/kWh
Cooling SystemAir-cooled

Summary

Preface

General Remarks and Safety Information

General Service Manual Notes

Key notes for using the service manual and parts.

Glossary and Terminology

Definitions of terms used throughout the manual for clarity.

Safety Regulations

Essential safety rules for engine operation and maintenance.

Warranty Certificate

Details of warranty coverage, terms, and conditions.

Technical Information

Manufacturer and Motor Identification Data

How to identify the engine model and its specifications.

Overall Dimensions

Visual representation and measurements of the engine's physical size.

Performance Diagrams

Graphs illustrating engine power, torque, and consumption.

Technical Specifications

Detailed technical data and parameters for the engine models.

Trouble Shooting

Guide to diagnosing and resolving common engine operational problems.

Maintenance - Recommended Oil Type - Refilling

SAE Classification

Understanding oil viscosity grades for engine lubrication.

International Specifications

Standards and certifications for engine oils (API, MIL, ACEA).

Lubricant

General information and recommendations regarding engine lubricants.

Prescribed Lubricant

Specific oil recommendations and capacities for engine models.

Fuel Specifications

Guidelines for selecting appropriate diesel fuel quality and types.

Routine Engine Maintenance

Schedule and procedures for regular engine upkeep.

Disassembly/ Reassembly

Recommendations for Disassembling and Assembling

General guidelines and precautions for engine disassembly and reassembly.

Recommendations for Overhauls and Tuning

Best practices for engine overhauling and performance tuning.

Oil-Bath Air Cleaner

Maintenance and inspection of the oil-bath type air cleaner.

Dry Air Cleaner

Maintenance and replacement of the dry air cleaner cartridge.

Flywheel

Procedures for flywheel removal and installation.

Alternator

Steps for removing and refitting the engine alternator.

Valve / Rocker Arm Clearance

How to measure and adjust valve and rocker arm clearance.

Compression Release (Optional)

Procedure for checking and adjusting the compression release mechanism.

Rocker Arm Assembly

Details on the rocker arm assembly components and dimensions.

Injector Projection

How to check and adjust injector projection for proper fuel delivery.

Cylinder Head

Instructions for removing, refitting, and checking the cylinder head.

Valves

Procedures for valve removal and inspection.

Valve Guides and Valve Guide Housings

Specifications and procedures for valve guides.

Valve Guide Insertion

Method for inserting new valve guides into the cylinder head.

Valve Seats and Housings

Dimensions and procedures for valve seats.

Valve Seat Grinding

Technique for grinding valve seats to ensure proper sealing.

Cylinder

Measuring cylinder diameter and checking for wear.

Cylinder Roughness

Assessing cylinder wall surface finish and integrity.

Piston

Procedures for removing, cleaning, and measuring pistons.

Piston Weight

Weighing pistons to ensure balance during assembly.

Piston Rings - End Gaps

Measuring the end gap of piston rings.

Pistons Rings - Clearance Between Grooves

Checking clearance of piston rings in their grooves.

Piston Rings - Fitting Sequence

Correct order and orientation for installing piston rings.

Piston - Refitting

Steps for correctly fitting pistons into the cylinders.

Piston Clearance

How to measure and set piston-to-cylinder clearance.

Connecting Rod Small End Bushing

Specifications for the connecting rod small end bushing.

Connecting Rod Big End Bearing

Procedures for fitting and tightening connecting rod big end bearings.

Connecting Rod Weight

Weighing connecting rods to ensure balance.

Crankshaft Timing Gear

Tool usage for removing the crankshaft timing gear.

Main Bearing Support, Timing Gear Side

Procedure for removing the main bearing support.

Main Bearing Support, PTO-Side

Procedure for removing the PTO-side main bearing support.

Center Main Bearing Support, Locating Bolt

Removing the locating bolt for the center main bearing support.

Crankshaft End Play

Checking and setting the crankshaft end play.

Crankshaft Center Main Bearing Support

Refitting the center main bearing support.

Crankshaft Lubrication Ducts

Cleaning and checking crankshaft lubrication passages.

Crankshaft Journal Radius

Restoring journal radius after grinding.

Main Bearing and Connecting Rod Big End Bearing Internal Diameter

Dimensions for main and connecting rod bearings.

Clearance Between Main Journals/Crank Pins and Connecting Rod Bearings

Checking bearing clearances for journals and crank pins.

Main Bearing Supports

Dimensions for main bearing supports.

Main Bearing Housing

Dimensions for main bearing housings.

Dimensions of Camshaft Journals and Housings

Specifications for camshaft journals and their housings.

How to Measure Intake/Exhaust Cam Height

Method for measuring valve cam height.

Camshaft Timing

Aligning camshaft and crankshaft timing gears.

Camshaft End Play

Checking and adjusting camshaft end play.

Valve Timing Without Considering Timing Marks

Setting valve timing without using timing marks.

Hydraulic Pump P.T.O. (1P)

Details on the hydraulic pump, including torque specifications.

Mechanical Speed Governor

Explanation of the mechanical speed governor operation.

Governor Springs with Rocker Arm

Components and function of governor springs with rocker arm.

Spring for Extra Fuel Supply at Starting

How the extra fuel spring operates during starting.

Lubrication System

Lubrication System and Breather Recirculation System

Overview of the engine's lubrication and ventilation systems.

Oil Pump

Checking and specifications for the oil pump.

Oil Filter Cartridge (Internal)

Components and features of the internal oil filter cartridge.

Oil Filter Cartridge (External)

Components and characteristics of the external oil filter cartridge.

Oil Preassure Relief Valve

Details of the oil pressure relief valve.

Oil Pressure Curve at Idling Speed

Graph showing oil pressure at idling engine speed.

Oil Pressure Curve at Full Speed

Graph showing oil pressure at full engine speed.

Fuel System

Fuel Feeding/Injection Circuit

Diagram and components of the fuel feeding and injection system.

Fuel Filter, Inside Fuel Tank

Components of the fuel filter located inside the fuel tank.

Fuel Filter, Removed from the Tank (Upon Request)

Characteristics of the external fuel filter.

Fuel Feeding Pump

Operation and characteristics of the fuel feeding pump.

Injection Pump

Components of the fuel injection pump.

Test Data for Injection Pump Delivery

Test data for injection pump delivery performance.

How to Reassemble Injection Pump Components

Steps for correctly reassembling injection pump parts.

Injection Pump/Mechanical Speed Governor Timing

Procedure for timing the injection pump and speed governor.

Injection Static Advance Adjustment

Adjusting the injection static advance timing.

Injector, for Standard Engines

Components and specifications for standard engine injectors.

Injector, for EPA Engines

Components and specifications for EPA engine injectors.

Injector Setting

Checking and adjusting injector opening pressure.

Electric System

Electrical Starting Layout with Battery Charging Light

Diagram of the electrical starting system with charging light.

12.5 V, 14 A Alternator

Specifications and dimensions for the 12.5V, 14A alternator.

Alternator Battery Charger Curve (12.5 V, 14A)

Performance curve for the 12.5V, 14A alternator charging system.

Optional Electric Equipment

Information on optional electrical components.

12 V, 18A Alternator

Specifications and dimensions for the 12V, 18A alternator.

Alternator Battery Charger Curve (12 V, 18 A)

Performance curve for the 12V, 18A alternator charging system.

Voltage Regulator

Information and connection references for the voltage regulator.

How to Check Voltage Regulator for Proper Operation

Procedure for testing the voltage regulator's functionality.

Starting Motor Type Bosch DWL 12 V, 1.7 kW

Specifications for the Bosch DWL 12V, 1.7kW starter motor.

Settings

Idling Speed Setting in No-Load Conditions

How to adjust the engine's idling speed.

Full Speed Setting in No-Load Conditions (Standard)

Setting the engine's maximum speed under no load.

Injection Pump Delivery Setting

Adjusting the injection pump's fuel delivery rate.

Injection Pump Delivery Limiting and Extra Fuel Device

Understanding the injection pump's delivery limiting mechanism.

Injection Pump Delivery Setting with Engine at the Torque Dynamometer

Setting injection pump delivery using a torque dynamometer.

Stop Setting

Procedure for setting the engine stop mechanism.

Storage

Internal Engine Protection

Steps for protecting the engine internally during storage.

Injection Systems Protection

Procedures to protect the fuel injection system during storage.

External Engine Protection

Methods for protecting the engine's exterior during storage.

Procedures to be Carried Out Before Start the Engine

Steps to perform before starting an engine after storage.

Torque Specifications and Use of Sealant

Table of Tightening Torques for the Main Components

Torque values for key engine components.

Use of Sealant

Guidelines on where and how to use sealants.

Table of Tightening Torques for Standard Screws (Coarse Thread)

Torque specifications for coarse-thread screws.

Table of Tightening Torques for Standard Screws (Fine Thread)

Torque specifications for fine-thread screws.

Special Tools

Special Tools and Equipment for Maintenance

List and part numbers of specialized tools for engine maintenance.

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