C-12
35 Series 4WD, Model - 3535, 4035, 4535 and 5035 SM June’08
provides a rotating balance weight which
carries the crankshaft over dead centres.
The flywheel is secured to the crankshaft by
six bolts. Dowels are provided in the crankshaft
flange for accurate location. The starting ring
gear is a shrink fit on the flywheel and is
replaceable. The cylinder sleeves are
replaceable wet type with cooling water
running around them.
The cooling water is sealed in the Crankcase
water jackets with the help of two ‘O’ Rings
at the lower end. The top end of the water
jacket is sealed when the head gasket is
installed and pressed between the head and
the sleeve collar.
Sleeves can be obtained as individual items
or with graded crankcase.
Never let cylinder sleeve fall this
may cause out of round with subsequent scoring,
or in extreme cause seizure of the piston.
ii) Crankshaft
The Crankshaft is forged from Alloy Steel with
Bearing Journals and Pins induction hardened
for increased strength and wearing properties.
The main journals are supported in Steel
Backed Alloy Bearing Shells.
The end thrust or end float of the Crankshaft
is controlled at the last rear main bearing
having a collared shell.
NOTE: All Crankshafts are dynamically balanced
in the factory and do not carry any
additional balancing weights.
iii) Camshaft
The Camshaft is made of special cast iron and
is supported in babbit lined bearings.
Thrust is taken on the locating plate mounted
between the camshaft front journal and the
driving gear. The drive for the camshaft is
taken from the crankshaft gear.
Introduction
A. GENERAL
Mahindra 35 Series Tractors have 3 & 4 cylinder
direct injection water cooled diesel engines with
rotary fuel injection pumps and overhead valves.
These engines have superior specific fuel
consumption and meet US Tier-IV < 50 Hp emission
norms.
B. CONSTRUCTION
i) Cylinder Block
The block is reinforced with ribs so it easily
acts as part of the frame connecting the front
axle (semi-chassis) and clutch housing.
The engine block is the main body of the
engine, around which the engine is built.
It is a one piece casting and webs integral
with it form the upper halves of the main
bearing supports. The lower half bearing
supports are in the form of caps machined
to mate with the webs in the crankcase.
The crankshaft is supported in 5 & 4 main
bearings for 4 & 3 cylinders engine respectively
with end thrust on the rear. The bearings are
of the steel backed insert type and do not
require fitting on assembly. The bearing caps,
which hold the lower bearing inserts in
position, are not interchangeable and each
one is stamped with its location in the
crankcase. No.1 is at the front.
During manufacture main bearing caps are
rough machined, then assembled to the
crankcase prior to being line reamed.
This results in each bearing cap being fitted
for only one position, therefore, finished
bearing caps cannot be supplied individually
for service due to the necessity for line
reaming to fit the particular bore where it is
intended to mate.
The crankshaft supports the connecting rods
and pistons along its length and converts the
reciprocating movement of the pistons into
the rotary movement required to drive the
transmission. At the front end of the
crankshaft is the gear which drives the timing
gear train and the pulley which drives the fan
and water pump. The flywheel is mounted on
the rear of the crankshaft and to this is
mounted the clutch which forms the link
between the engine and transmission.
The purpose of the flywheel is to oppose and
moderate, by its inertia, any fluctuation in the
speed of the engine. It counteracts varying
torques during the stroke of the engine and
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