Nordyne CSH4BE - User Manual

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Summary

Heat Pump Maintenance

Regular Maintenance Tasks

Covers cleaning filters, clearing outdoor unit debris, and checking for obstructions.

Safety Considerations

System Pressure and Handling

Highlights system pressures and safe handling of refrigerant and equipment.

Label and Precaution Compliance

Emphasizes following instructions on labels, tags, and precautions.

Brazing Operation Safety

Details safety requirements and equipment for brazing operations.

Site Preparation for Installation

Equipment Unpacking and Inspection

Steps for unpacking equipment and inspecting for damage.

Outdoor Unit Location Selection

Guidelines for choosing an optimal location for the outdoor unit.

Outdoor Unit Installation Methods

Refrigerant Tubing Connections

Electrical Connections and Wiring

Power Connection Warning

Critical safety warning to turn off power before wiring.

Outdoor Unit Power and Control

Control Circuit Wiring Standards

Electrical Power Wiring Standards

Compliance with NEC and local codes for electrical power wiring.

System Startup and Checkout

Pre-Operation Checks

Ensuring air filters are clean and thermostat is set correctly before startup.

Power Application and Initial Inspection

Procedures for safely applying power and inspecting wiring.

Functional Checkout Procedure

Steps to verify system operation, including indoor blower and safety switches.

Troubleshooting and Diagnostics

Interpreting Diagnostic LEDs

Guides on understanding the meaning of LED flashes for troubleshooting.

Defrost Control Board Operation

Defrost Board Testing Procedures

Module Wiring Troubleshooting

Miswired Module Indications

Troubleshooting common wiring errors for the diagnostic module.

Module LED Status and Actions

Detailed interpretation of LED status and corresponding troubleshooting actions.

Defrost Control Board Procedures

Normal Defrost Operation Testing

Refrigerant Charge Adjustment

Safety Warning for Charge Adjustment

Critical safety warning regarding refrigerant handling by qualified personnel.

Overview

This document provides user and installation instructions for a 14 SEER R-410A High Efficiency Split System Outdoor Heat Pump. It is designed for use with various indoor heating and cooling appliances, including fossil fuel furnaces, electric furnaces, air handlers, and evaporator coils. The instructions are primarily for qualified individuals experienced in HVAC installation and service, with a note that local codes may require licensed personnel. Homeowners are advised against attempting installation or service themselves.

Function Description

The heat pump operates on a principle that allows it to both heat and cool a home by transferring heat.

Winter Heating:

Outdoor air is drawn into the heat pump.
A cold, heat-transfer section (outdoor coil) extracts heat from the outdoor air as refrigerant evaporates from a liquid to a gas.
The refrigerant is compressed to a hot gas by the heat pump, carrying the absorbed heat.
This hot refrigerant then moves to the indoor heat-transfer section (indoor coil), where it releases heat to the indoor air as it condenses from a gas back into a liquid.
An air handler circulates this warmed air throughout the home.
The refrigerant returns to the outdoor coil to evaporate and absorb more heat, completing the cycle.

Summer Cooling:

Indoor air enters the air handler section.
A cold, heat-transfer section (indoor coil) extracts heat from the indoor air as refrigerant evaporates from a liquid to a cold gas.
The refrigerant is drawn to the heat pump and compressed to a hot gas, carrying the heat outdoors.
A hot, heat-transfer section (outdoor coil) releases this heat to the outside air as the refrigerant condenses from a gas to a liquid.
The heat pump's outdoor fan discharges the heat to the outside.
The refrigerant returns to the indoor coil to evaporate and absorb more heat, continuing the cooling cycle.

Usage Features

The heat pump system is controlled via a thermostat, which allows users to set desired temperatures and operating modes.

Operating for Cooling:

Set the thermostat system switch to "COOL" and the fan switch to "AUTO."
Adjust the temperature selector to the desired cooling level. The outdoor unit and indoor blower will cycle on and off to maintain this temperature. Note: A protective timer circuit in the outdoor unit may delay startup by approximately five minutes after a temperature adjustment, system switch reposition, or power interruption.

Operating for Heating:

Set the thermostat system switch to "HEAT" and the fan switch to "AUTO."
Adjust the temperature selector to the desired heating level. The outdoor unit and indoor blower will cycle on and off to maintain this temperature. Note: Similar to cooling, a protective timer circuit may delay startup.

Emergency Heat (EM. HT.):

The thermostat includes an "EM. HT." setting for backup heating. This mode should only be used if there's a suspected problem with the outdoor unit. When activated, the outdoor unit is locked off, and supplemental heat (typically electric resistance heating) is used. Sustained use of emergency heat will increase electricity costs.

Defrost Cycle:

During cold weather heating, the outdoor unit's heat transfer coil may accumulate snow and ice. This is normal, and the unit will periodically defrost itself. During defrost, the outdoor fan stops, the compressor continues to run, heating the outdoor coil to melt the ice. Steam may rise from the unit as melted frost evaporates. The defrost cycle timer, located on the defrost control board, can be set to 30, 60, or 90-minute intervals, with 30 minutes being the factory default. Setting it to 90 minutes can maximize heating performance.

Automatic Cooling and Heating:

Set the thermostat system switch to "AUTO" and the fan switch to "AUTO."
Set desired heating and cooling temperature levels. The unit will automatically switch between heating and cooling modes to maintain indoor temperature within the set limits. Note: Some thermostats may not have an "AUTO" mode or may combine heating and cooling into one "AUTO" setting.

Shutting Off the Heat Pump:

Set the thermostat system switch to "OFF" and the fan switch to "AUTO." The system will then cease operation.

Continuous Indoor Blower Operation:

Set the thermostat fan switch to "ON." The indoor blower will run continuously, regardless of the system switch setting (including "OFF"), until the fan switch is reset to "AUTO." This feature is useful for circulating indoor air to equalize temperature imbalances caused by factors like sun load, cooking, or fireplaces.

Outdoor Thermostat (if supplied):

This component prevents electrical auxiliary heat from operating above a desired set point, which is determined by the building's design heat load. It is adjustable from 0°F to 45°F, with a factory setting of 40°F.

Comfort Alert™ Diagnostics (Select Models):

This module assists in troubleshooting heat pump and air conditioning system failures, particularly for single-phase systems with scroll compressors that have internal overload protection. It monitors compressor and thermostat demand data to detect electrical and system-related failures without additional sensors. A flashing LED indicator communicates an ALERT code, guiding service technicians to the root cause of a problem. Note: This module is a monitoring device and does not provide safety protection or control other devices.

POWER LED (Green): Indicates voltage is present at the module's power connection.
ALERT LED (Yellow): Communicates abnormal system conditions via unique flash codes (e.g., Flash Code 1 for "Long Run Time," Flash Code 2 for "System Pressure Trip," etc.). The module displays the last ALERT Flash Code for one minute upon power-up and continues to display the LED until the condition returns to normal or 24 VAC power is removed.
TRIP LED (Red): Indicates a demand signal from the thermostat but no current detected at the compressor, typically suggesting an open compressor protector or missing supply power.

Maintenance Features

Regular maintenance is crucial for the heat pump's efficient and reliable operation.

Recommended Maintenance:

Disconnect Electrical Power: Always ensure electrical power to both the outdoor unit and the furnace/air handler is disconnected before performing any maintenance. Failure to do so can cause personal injury or death.
Indoor Air Filter: Clean or replace the indoor air filter at the beginning of each heating and cooling season, and whenever it appears dirty. Inspect the filter monthly.
Outdoor Unit Coil: Remove any leaves and grass clippings from the outdoor coil, taking care not to damage the aluminum fins.
Obstructions: Check for and remove any obstructions like twigs or sticks.
Lubrication: Do not over-oil motors not factory-equipped with oil tubes. The compressor is hermetically sealed and does not require lubrication.

Before Calling a Service Technician:

Verify the thermostat is properly set for cooling or heating.
Ensure the unit disconnect fuses are in good condition and electrical power is turned on.

Refrigerant Charge Adjustment:

This should only be attempted by qualified, trained personnel familiar with the equipment, as split system heat pump equipment contains liquid and gaseous refrigerant under pressure. Homeowners should not attempt this, as it can result in equipment damage, personal injury, or death.
The unit uses R-410A refrigerant. Do not use any other refrigerant, as it will damage the unit.
The outdoor unit is shipped with a refrigerant charge adequate for an additional 15 ft of refrigerant lines. Do not use any portion of this charge for purging or leak testing.

Site Preparation:

Unpacking: Carefully remove the cardboard carton and user's manual, avoiding damage to tubing connections.
Damage Inspection: Inspect the equipment for damage before installation. Straighten any bent coil fins if necessary.
Outdoor Unit Location: Choose an optimum location free from overhead obstructions, poorly ventilated areas, and debris accumulation. Ensure unobstructed airflow through the coil and accessibility for servicing.
Slab Mount: For slab installations, select a stable, level foundation not subject to erosion. Anchor the slab if necessary before placing the equipment.
Cantilever Mount: Design the mount with an adequate safety factor to support the equipment's weight and operational loads. Secure and level the equipment.
Roof Mount: Design the mounting method to avoid overloading roof structures or transmitting noise indoors. Route refrigerant and electrical lines through suitably waterproofed openings.

Refrigerant Tubing Connections:

Route fully annealed, refrigerant-grade copper tubing between the indoor and outdoor units, minimizing length and bends.
Support tubing to prevent vibration or abrasion.
Keep tubing clean of foreign debris during installation.
A liquid line filter drier is recommended if cleanliness or evacuation adequacy is uncertain.
Maximum recommended line length is 75 feet, with a vertical elevation difference not exceeding 20 feet. Consult a long line application guide for installations beyond these limits.
A filter dryer is provided and must be installed in the liquid line. If replacing an existing system with a filter dryer, replace it with the one supplied.
When servicing, cover or seal openings to minimize exposure of the refrigerant system to air, preventing moisture and contaminants.

Electrical Connections:

Safety: Turn off all electrical power at the main circuit box before wiring the outdoor unit to prevent severe personal injury or death.
Wiring Diagram: Familiarize yourself with the wiring diagram/schematic located on the inside cover of the outdoor unit's electrical box.
Codes: All wiring must comply with the "National Electrical Code" (ANSI/NFPA 70) and applicable local codes.
Outdoor Unit Connections: The outdoor unit requires both power and control circuit electrical connections.
Control Circuit Wiring: The outdoor unit operates from a 24 VAC Class II control circuit. Wiring must comply with codes. Thermostat connections should follow instructions for the thermostat and indoor equipment.
Electrical Power Wiring: Must comply with codes. Rain-tight conduit is recommended. Electrical conductors must have minimum circuit ampacity as per the outdoor unit rating label. Circuit protection should not exceed the rating label's indicated current.
Minimum Circuit Ampacity: Electrical wiring must be compatible with and comply with the minimum circuit ampacity listed on the outdoor unit data label.
Maximum Fuse/Circuit Breaker Size: Circuit protection must be compatible with the maximum fuse/circuit breaker size listed on the outdoor unit data label.
Disconnect Switch: An electrically compatible disconnect switch must be within line of sight of the outdoor unit and capable of electrically de-energizing it.
Optional Equipment: Install optional equipment (e.g., liquid line solenoid valves, hard start kits, pressure cutout switches, crankcase heater) in strict accordance with manufacturer's instructions and codes.

Startup and Checkout:

Air Filters: Ensure air filters are clean and in place before operating.
Thermostat: Set the room thermostat function switch to "OFF," fan switch to "AUTO," and temperature setpoint to its highest setting.
Grounding and Power Connections: Before applying electrical power, ensure the unit is properly and securely grounded, and power supply connections are made at both the facility power interface and outdoor unit.
Outdoor Unit: Ensure the outdoor coil and top of the unit are free from obstructions and debris, and all equipment access/control panels are in place.
Wiring Inspection: With extreme caution, apply power and inspect wiring for open, shorted, or improperly wired circuits.
Compressor Crankcase Heater: If equipped, wait 24 hours after applying power before performing a functional checkout to allow the crankcase heater to warm up. Failure to do so may damage the system.
Indoor Blower: Set the thermostat function switch to "COOLING" and the fan switch to "ON." Verify the indoor blower operates and airflow is unrestricted. Set the fan switch back to "AUTO."
Blower Time Delay Relay (Select Models): If provided, install the relay in the indoor section. It keeps the indoor blower running for an additional 40 seconds after the outdoor unit shuts off to increase cooling efficiency.
Low-Pressure Switch (Select Models): Factory-installed in some models, this switch is in the suction line and protects the compressor from a loss of charge. It opens if suction pressure falls below 5 psig, de-energizing the outdoor unit, and closes when pressure rises above 20 psig. It interrupts thermostat inputs, causing a 5-minute short cycling delay.
High-Pressure Switch: Factory-installed in the compressor discharge line, this switch de-energizes the system if discharge pressure rises above 575 psig, and closes when pressure drops to 460 psig. It also interrupts thermostat inputs, causing a 5-minute short cycling delay.
Short Cycle Protection: Verify that the outdoor unit de-energizes when the thermostat setpoint is raised in cooling mode, and re-energizes after approximately 5 minutes when the setpoint is lowered, confirming the air supplied is cooler than ambient.
Heating Checkout: Lower the thermostat setpoint to the lowest setting and set the function switch to "HEATING." Verify the indoor blower and outdoor unit stop. After five minutes, increase the setpoint to maximum. Verify the outdoor unit and indoor blower energize and that the air supplied is warmer than ambient. Listen for unusual noises.
Defrost Test Procedure: For specific defrost control boards, a test procedure involves jumping terminals to initiate a defrost test in 5, 10, or 15 seconds, bypassing compressor off delay. This allows verification of defrost operation.
Speed Up Changes: Manually initiating a defrost will cause the compressor to run continually when entering defrost.
Normal Defrost Operation Test: To test normal defrost operation when the temperature is above 35°F, jump "R" to "DFT" on the control board and allow the unit to run for 30 minutes. Defrost will continue until the jumper is removed or for 10 minutes.
5-Minute Time Delay: This feature can be shortened to 1 second by jumping the "Test" to "C" terminal. Removing and repeating the jumper as desired. Leaving the jumper on permanently will render the defrost cycle inoperable.