Chromatic aberration – in terms of lens optics it is the failure of the lens
to focus all colours (RGB) at the same point. It shows up as colour
fringes in areas of the image where dark meet light (think edge of a
building against the sky). It is more common in wide angle lenses, and
those of inferior optics. It is correctable, to some degree, using
Photoshop, Lightroom or software of your choice.
Rear shutter curtain sync – by default most cameras are set to front
curtain sync which means that if the flash fires, it does so at the
beginning of the exposure time. By setting to rear shutter curtain sync it
fires the flash at the end of the exposure time. The difference in some
cases me be negligible, but in shooting a moving subject front sync will
put any motion blur in front of the subject, whereas rear sync will place
the blur behind the subject. Neither is wrong, just preference.
Camera shake – this is a blurry image which has resulted from an
insufficiently fast enough shutter speed, while hand holding the camera.
So how slow is too slow? Many will say that 1/60th of a second is the
rule of thumb. I tend to recommend 1 over the focal lens of your lens
instead, as the longer the lens the more amplified any shake will
become.
Lens flare – occurs when the light source hits the lens directly, it can
manifest as a hazy looking image or artefacts such as circles of light.
Some photographers desire lens flare and position their camera to create
it and use it as a compositional element.
Kelvin – is the absolute measurement of colour temperature. On your
camera under the White Balance settings you make see a “K” setting.
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