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SPECIFIC GRAVITY
The density of a material, expressed as the ratio of the mass of a given volume of the
material and the mass of the same volume of water; a specific gravity greater than 1
means heavier than water, less than 1 means lighter than water. The specific gravity of
the electrolyte in a battery can be used to measure the state of charge of the battery.
SULFATION
Even though lead sulfate is created in the materials of plates during normal discharging,
this term is used to describe the generation of a different form (large crystals) of lead
sulfate which will not readily convert back to normal material when the battery is
charged. Sulfation occurs when a battery is stored too long in a discharged condition,
if it is never fully charged, or if electrolyte has become abnormally low due to excessive
water loss from overcharging and/or evaporation.
VOLT
The unit of measurement of electrical potential or “pressure”. Most batteries come in
2, 4, 6, 8 or 12 volt models.
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