SunFounder GalaxyRVR Kit for Arduino, Release 1.0
3.8.1 Course Objectives
• Learn how to combine obstacle avoidance modules with an ultrasonic module for improved navigation.
• Understand the principles and functionalities behind an advanced obstacle avoidance system.
• Learn how to implement an intelligent following system in the Mars Rover.
3.8.2 Course Materials
• Mars Rover model (the one we built in previous lessons)
• USB Cable
• Arduino IDE
• Computer
• And of course, your creative mind!
3.8.3 Course Steps
Step 1: Understanding the Concept
The obstacle avoidance module, as the name suggests, helps our Rover avoid obstacles. It detects obstacles by trans-
mitting an infrared signal and then receiving the signal reflected back from the object. If there is an obstacle in front
of the module, the infrared signal is reflected back, and the module detects it.
Now, adding an ultrasonic sensor to the mix improves this system. Ultrasonic sensors measure distance by sending out
a sound wave at a specific frequency and listening for that sound wave to bounce back. By recording the elapsed time
between the sound wave being generated and the sound wave bouncing back, it is possible to calculate the distance
between the sensor and the object.
Combining these two gives us a reliable, efficient, and versatile obstacle avoidance system!
Step 2: Constructing Advanced Obstacle Avoidance Systems
In our previous lessons, we’ve learned the basics of obstacle avoidance using infrared sensors. We’ve also explored
how an ultrasonic module works. Now, we are going to bring all these pieces together and build an advanced obstacle
avoidance system!
Our enhanced Mars Rover will now use both ultrasonic and infrared sensors to navigate its surroundings.
Let’s envision how the infrared and ultrasonic modules should work together. To help clarify our logic, let’s use a
flowchart. Learning how to create flowcharts is an invaluable step in our coding journey as it can help you clarify your
thoughts and systematically outline your plan.
3.8. Lesson 8 Advanced Obstacle Avoidance and Intelligent Following System 67
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