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Yamaha PM4000 User Manual

Yamaha PM4000
132 pages
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PROFESSIONAL AUDIO MIXING CONSOLE
PM4000
OPERATING MANUAL
YAMAHA

Table of Contents

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Yamaha PM4000 Specifications

General IconGeneral
TypeAnalog Mixing Console
Faders100 mm
Aux Sends8
Groups8
EQ4-band
Bus System8-bus
Matrix4
OutputsAux
Phantom Power48V
EffectsNone built-in
Frequency Response20Hz - 20kHz
Signal to Noise Ratio80dB
Power SupplyAC 100V to 240V

Summary

Section 1 Introduction

Section 2 Brief Operating Instruction

PM4000 Front Panel Features Overview

Details the features and controls found on the PM4000's front panel.

Standard Monaural Input Module Description

Comprehensive description of the controls and functions of the mono input module.

Stereo Input Module Description

Detailed explanation of the controls and functions of the stereo input module.

Master Module (1-8) Functions

Explains the controls and functions of the master modules, including matrix and group sections.

Stereo Master Module Operation

Describes the controls for the stereo bus and stereo aux busses.

Talkback Module Features and Controls

Details the functions of the talkback and oscillator sections.

Monitor Module Functions

Explains how to monitor signals using the monitor module.

Meter Bridge Operation and Indicators

Describes the VU meters, peak LEDs, and meter assignment switches.

PM4000 Rear Panel Features Overview

Details the rear panel connectors and features of the console.

Mono Input Module Rear Panel Connections

Details the rear panel input, insert, and direct out connectors for mono modules.

Stereo Input Module Rear Panel Connections

Details the rear panel connections for stereo input modules.

Rear Panel Other Features

Covers cooling fans and lamp connectors on the rear panel.

PW4000 Power Supply Details

Information on the power supply unit, its indicators, and connectors.

Section 3 Specifications

PM4000 Console General Specifications

Lists general technical specifications for the mixing console.

Input Signal Characteristics

Details input levels, impedance, and sensitivity for various connections.

Output Signal Characteristics

Details output levels, impedance, and connector types.

Dimensional Drawings

PM4000 Console Dimensions

Provides physical dimensions for the PM4000 console in various configurations.

Module Block Diagrams

Section 4 Installation Notes

Planning Your Console Installation

Guidance on planning the physical setup and cable management for the console.

Power Mains Requirements and Safety

Essential information on power supply, voltage, and grounding for safe operation.

Safety Grounding with 2-Wire Outlets

Instructions on safely grounding equipment using 2-wire outlets.

Handling Improperly Wired AC Outlets: Lifted Grounds

How to identify and address AC outlets with missing or faulty ground connections.

Handling Improperly Wired AC Outlets: Lifted Neutral

Addresses issues and risks associated with AC outlets having a lifted neutral connection.

AC Power Safety Guidelines

Important safety tips for working with AC power and outlets.

Ensuring Power Source Integrity

Recommendations for clean and reliable power sources, including surge protection.

Equipment Turn-On Sequencing

Guidance on the proper order for powering up audio equipment to manage power surges.

Theory of Grounding in Audio Systems

Explains fundamental grounding principles for safety and noise reduction.

Importance of Proper Grounding

Explains the critical role of grounding for safety and noise reduction in audio systems.

Understanding and Preventing Ground Loops

Identifies ground loops as a common cause of hum and noise in audio systems.

Basic Grounding Techniques Explained

Discusses four fundamental approaches to handling grounds in audio systems.

Balanced Lines and Ground Lift Switches

Explains how balanced lines and ground lift switches help eliminate noise.

Audio Connectors and Cables Guide

Covers types of audio connectors and cables essential for system performance.

Selecting Appropriate Audio Cables

Recommends specific cable types and construction for optimal audio performance.

Proper Cable Layout Practices

Guidelines for routing audio and AC power cables to prevent interference.

Balanced vs. Unbalanced Wiring in Audio

Compares balanced and unbalanced wiring systems, their applications, and costs.

Input Transformers: Pros and Cons

Discusses the advantages and disadvantages of using input transformers in audio setups.

Noise and Losses in Impedance Lines

Explains how cable impedance and length affect noise susceptibility and signal loss.

Direct Boxes

Passive Guitar Direct Box Construction

Details the construction and usage of a passive direct box for guitars.

Active Guitar Direct Box Design

Explains the design and power options for an active direct box.

Configuring Equipment Racks

SECTION 5 Gain Structure and Levels

Standard Operating Levels in Audio

Categorizes audio signal levels (Mic, Line, Speaker) for system setup.

Understanding Dynamic Range and Headroom

Explains dynamic range and its relationship to signal levels and system performance.

Setting System Levels for Optimal Performance

Provides a systematic approach to setting levels for optimal gain structure.

Selecting Headroom Values and Adjusting Levels

Guides on choosing headroom values based on program material and application needs.

Section 6 Optional Functions

Module Removal and Installation Procedures

Step-by-step instructions for safely removing and installing console modules.

Mono Input Direct Out Jack Configuration

Explains how to set the direct out point to pre-fader/EQ or post-fader/EQ.

Mono Input Aux Send Pre-EQ Configuration

Details how to configure mono aux sends for pre-fader/EQ or pre-fader/post-EQ.

Stereo Input Cue/Solo Switch Logic

Explains how the stereo cue/solo switch relates to pre-fader signals and meter pre.

MT PRE Switch Configuration for Input Channels

Describes how to set the MT PRE switch for post-fader or post-ON switch operation.

Stereo Input Insert Jacks: Pre-EQ vs. Post-EQ

Explains how to configure stereo input insert points for pre-EQ or post-EQ operation.

Stereo Input Aux Send Pre-EQ Configuration

Details how to configure stereo aux sends for pre-fader/EQ or pre-fader/post-EQ.

Stereo Input Aux Send Signal Sourcing (L+R or Stereo Pairs)

Explains how to select signal sources for stereo aux sends as mono or stereo pairs.

Stereo Aux Send Signal Sourcing (L+R or Stereo Pairs)

Describes signal sourcing for stereo aux sends 1 & 2 as mono or stereo pairs.

Stereo Input Feed to Monitor Module ST IN 3/4

How to assign stereo input signals to monitor module inputs ST IN 3 or ST IN 4.

Stereo Input Phase Switch Functionality

Explains how to change polarity for both L/R inputs or only the L input.

Stereo Input Module Output Enable Jumpers

How to use jumpers to enable/disable module outputs to group, stereo, and aux busses.

Master Module Group-to-Matrix Feed Configuration

How to set group-to-matrix signal feed as pre or post group master fader.

Stereo Master to Matrix Bus Feed Configuration

How to set stereo master to matrix signal feed as pre or post stereo master fader.

Installing Optional Input Transformers

Step-by-step guide for installing optional input transformer kits.

Section 7 Operating Notes and Hints

Console Gain Structure Optimization

Discusses setting up the console for optimal gain structure and signal levels.

Achieving Proper Gain Structure

Explains the principles of setting proper gain structure for optimal signal quality.

Factors Affecting Gain Structure

Identifies factors like gain, attenuation, and signal summing that influence gain structure.

Setting Input Channel Levels Correctly

Guides on setting input channel PAD, GAIN, and fader levels for optimal signal.

Setting Group Master Levels Correctly

Steps for calibrating group master faders and bus levels for optimal mix.

Setting Aux Send Master Levels Correctly

Guidance on adjusting aux send master controls for optimal mix levels.

Setting Mix Matrix Levels Correctly

How to calibrate mix matrix controls for desired output mixes.

Setting Aux Return Levels Correctly

How to set levels for auxiliary return signals coming from external processors.

VCA Control Impact on Gain Structure

Explains how VCA Master Faders affect channel gain and overall structure.

Channel Muting and Its Effect on Gain Structure

Discusses how channel muting impacts gain structure and mix levels.

Understanding VCA Operation and Benefits

Explains what a VCA is and its advantages in console operation, especially for grouping.

Group Busses vs. VCA Master Groups

Differentiates between conventional group busses and VCA master grouping for control.

Using Channel Insert Jacks as Line Inputs

Explains how to use insert jacks for alternative line inputs, saving time and patching.

Mix Matrix Functionality and Usage

Details the PM4000's mix matrix, its 11x8 configuration, and creation of multiple mixes.

Mix Matrix for General Sound Reinforcement

How the mix matrix can be used to feed house sound systems and create zone mixes.

Using Matrix Sub Inputs for Effects Returns

How to use matrix sub inputs to incorporate effect returns into specific mixes.

Alternative Uses for Matrix Sub Inputs

Discusses using matrix sub inputs for playback, testing, and creating additional groups.

Using the Mix Matrix for Pre-Mixing Scenes

How the mix matrix can create different mixes for various scenes or setups.

Master Mute Functionality and Application

Explains the master mute system, mute assign switches, and their use in managing channels.

Stereo Panning to Group Mixing Busses

How to utilize stereo panning between group busses for flexible mix creation.

Section 8 Applications

General Applications Overview

Discusses the PM4000's suitability for live sound, TV, AV, and general recording applications.

PM4000 Applications in Theatre Sound

Details features ideal for theatrical sound reinforcement, including mute groups and VCAs.

PM4000 Applications in Production Sound

Explains how the PM4000 facilitates soundtrack recording and live sound mixing.

PM4000 Applications in Post-Production

How the console's features aid in mixing sound effects, music, and dialog for post-production.

PM4000 Applications in Video Production

How the PM4000's capabilities support high-quality video sound production.

PM4000 for Sound Reinforcement

Highlights features beneficial for live sound reinforcement, including EQ and panning.

Key Setup Concepts for PM4000

Discusses fundamental setup concepts for optimizing the console's performance.

Creating Stereo Mixes from Groups 1-8

Explains how to derive stereo mixes using group busses and master faders.

Mix Matrix for 10 Subgroup Functionality

How the mix matrix can create up to 10 subgroups from groups and the stereo bus.

Creating Multiple Stereo/Mono Mixes with Matrix

Methods for generating multiple independent stereo or mono mixes using the matrix.

VCA Masters and Group Faders for 16 Subgroups

How to combine VCA and Group Master Faders for 16 subgroup control for stereo output.

VCA Masters for Overlapping Scene Control

Using multiple VCA Masters to manage different levels for input channels across scenes.

Section 9 Maintenance

Console Cleaning Procedures

Instructions for cleaning the console exterior, power supply, and interior safely.

Console Interior Cleaning and Dust Prevention

Advises on cleaning the console interior to prevent premature wear and component failure.

Meter Lamp Replacement

Information regarding replacement of meter illumination LEDs.

Troubleshooting No Output Issues

A guide to diagnosing and resolving common issues when no output is present.

Troubleshooting and Service Information

Provides contact information for Yamaha dealers and service centers for trouble resolution.

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