46
ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION
CHARGING AND MAINTAINING THE
BATERY
A) Charging on the vehicle and out-
side the vehicle
1. Systematic overcharging and dis-
charging of battery damages and
shortens its life. Correctly adjusted
charging system maintains battery
near to the fully charged status. At set
level of voltage (13,8 - 14,4 V) in
charging system and average tractor
operation it is sufficient to check and
maintain the level of electrolyte by
distilled water once per six month.
2. At heavier operation and another level
of regulated voltage it is necessary
more frequent checking the level of
electrolyte. Overcharging the battery
on vehicle (more than 14,4 V) causes
bigger loose of electrolyte.
3. It is necessary to charge the battery
removed from the vehicle or in the
vehicle which is not in operation (see
storage of charged batteries with
electrolyte). It is also suitable to
charge battery in vehicle before
wintertime and after wintertime. In
winter season and strong frost the
electrolyte might be frozen at almost
discharged battery (density of
electrolyte 1,12 - 1,15 g/cm
3
) in this
case the life will be substantially
reduced (disintegration of active
agent and destroy of battery case).
Heavily discharged battery (density of
electrolyte lower than 1,07 g/cm
3
)
might be frozen already at several
degrees below zero.
4. Charge the battery by current that is
0,1 of total battery capacity (or lower)
up to fully charged status.
5. Charging device with constant voltage
14,4 V can be also used. Charging
time can be max. 30 hours according
to status of discharging.
6. Fully discharged battery must be
charged as soon as possible, other-
wise its full capacity can not be re-
stored.
B) Charged battery
1. Battery is considered as fully charged
if all battery cells generates the gas
with same intensity. If the electrolyte
density is 1,28 g/cm
3
in all cells and if
the total voltage of battery is within
15,3 - 16,5 V, measured with the
prescribed charging current.
2. Status of full charging is confirmed
when the received density of electro-
lyte and level of voltage is not
changed within farther two measure-
ments following after two hours.
3. For example the charging status for
your orientation: status of charging
corresponds to density of electrolyte.
Charging status is characterized by
density of electrolyte and is measured
by densimeter. Every cell needs to be
measured.
Status of charging = density of electrolyte
charging status electrolyte density
100 % 1,28 g/cm
3
70 % 1,23 g/cm
3
50 % 1,20 g/cm
3
20 % 1,15 g/cm
3
0 % 1,12 g/cm
3
C) Storage of charged battery with
electrolyte
1. Before storage the battery must be
charged up to final symptoms of
charging. It must be disconnected
from charging system, cleaned and
with plugs.
2. Battery that is built into a plastic case
from polypropylene must be charged
after three month of storage because
of smaller self-discharging.
3. Intervals for checking the status of
electrolyte are: when charging the
battery or minimally once per 6
month, battery is maintained by
adding the distilled water! If some
electrical components are per-
manently connected even at discon-
nected key switch (for example
Warning) it is necessary to check the
status of charging - i.e. voltage w/o
load and electrolyte density min. 1x
after 1 month.
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