Antminer S9 - User Manual

Preparation Deng Yi
Contents of this brochure：The main story S9 Troubleshooting of various faults in the Operation board，how to use the test box for accurate
positioning.
Range ： Applies to All S9 Production ， After sale ， Outside the coordination repair site
One Maintenance Platform Requirements：
1, Thermostatic soldering Irons（350 -400 ），Tip tip for solder chip resistor capacitors and other small patches.
2, hot air cylinder for chip disassembly welding，be careful not to heat up for a long time lest PCB Foaming.
3, APW3 Power （ Output 12V 、 133A Max ）， Used for test measurement of the Operation board.
4. Multimeter，Sub-camera，S9 Test Jigs（Conditional configurable Oscilloscope）。
5, flux, washing plate water plus anhydrous alcohol；Wash plate water is used to clean and repair the residue and appearance of welding.
tin-Planting fixture，Tin-sik Steel mesh，Solder Paste；When replacing a new chip，you have to plant tin on the chip.
7, Thermal conductive adhesive black （ 3461 ）， Re-glue the heatsink after servicing.
Two Job requirement Items：
1、 Maintenance personnel must have some knowledge of electronics，More than one year of maintenance experience，对 QFN Packaging
welding technology Proficiency.
2、 After maintenance, the operation board must be tested two times OK，before you can pass！
3、 Pay attention to the operation method when replacing the chip，after replacing any accessory PCB No obvious deformation of the
plate，Check the replacement parts and the surrounding there are few open circuit problems. 4、 Determine the maintenance station
object and the corresponding test software parameters, test fixture.
5、 Inspection Tools，Whether the fixture can work properly
Three, principle and structure ：
●Principle Overview
1. S9 is composed of 21 voltage domains connected in series. There are 3 BM1387 chips in each voltage domain, and there are 63 BM1387 chips in the whole
board.
2. The BM1387 has a built-in buck diode with a step-down diode function that is determined by the chip's designated pin
3. S9 is 21 voltage domains (S5+ is 16 voltage domains, S7 54 chip is 18 voltage domains, S7 45 is 15 voltage domains); S9 clock is 25M single crystal
oscillator, connected in series by The first chip is passed to the last chip.
4. S9 There are independent small heat sinks on the front and back of each chip. The small heat sink on the front side is the SMT patch. The small heat sink on
the back side is fixed on the back of the IC by the thermal adhesive after the initial measurement. Repair and replacement chip test
After the test, you need to evenly apply black thermal adhesive on the IC surface and heat it.
It is important to note that：
In the maintenance process, in order to reduce the damage of the high temperature of the air gun to the PCB and the chip when replacing the
components of the electric board or the chip, it is necessary to first place the small heat sink near the faulty component and the PCB board.
After the small heat sink on the back is removed, replace it.
The PCB board has test points anyway, during the maintenance of the production, the front test points can be used when the heat sink is not
attached to the front of the PCB; the finished product repair (after-sales maintenance), due to the front and back of the PCB
Covered with heat sinks, it is necessary to locate the fault through the test points of the PCB. The special slender pen can be used to probe the
gap of the heat sink for measurement, but since the SMT small heat sink is connected to the ground of each voltage domain,
When measuring, pay attention to the insulation of the test leads to avoid short circuit caused by the test leads. .

Summary

Maintenance Platform Requirements

Required Tools for Maintenance

Lists essential tools for operation board maintenance, including soldering irons and test equipment.

Job Requirement Items

Personnel Qualifications and Experience

Outlines necessary knowledge, experience, and proficiency for maintenance personnel.

Principle and Structure Overview

S9 Operation Board Principle

Explains the basic structure, voltage domains, and chip composition of the S9 board.

Signal Flow Analysis

Signal Direction and Flow Patterns

Details the flow direction of CLK, TX, RX, B/BO, and RST signals across chips.

Key Circuit Identification

Inter-Chip Test Points

Identifies specific test points located between chips on the S9 computing board.

S9 Operation Board Circuit Components

Voltage Domain Structure and Power Supply

Explains the 21 voltage domains and how power is supplied to associated components.

BM1387 Chip Deep Dive

BM1387 Circuit Diagram and Analysis

Presents the detailed circuit diagram for the BM1387 chip.

BM1387 Chip Pinout and Functions

Lists and describes the function of each pin on the BM1387 chip.

Operational Board Detection Procedures

Detection Method without IO Line

Outlines voltage checks when the IO line is not connected.

Detection Method with IO Line Connected

Details voltage checks when the IO line is connected and the test key is pressed.

Voltage Deviation Troubleshooting

Chip Voltage Standards and Abnormalities

Explains expected voltages for CORE, LDOs, and PLL, and their relation to faults.

Peripheral Test Point Voltage Checks

Details voltage measurements at peripheral test points and their significance.

IO Port and Signal Voltage Identification

IO Port Pin Definitions and Functions

Defines the purpose and function of each pin on the IO port.

Signal Voltage Identification Guide

Explains how to identify and measure signal voltages on the board.

14 V Boost Circuitry

14 V Boost Circuit Operation and Schematic

Explains the function of the 14V boost circuit and provides its schematic diagram.

14 V Boost PCB Layout

Shows the physical layout of the 14V boost circuit on the PCB.

DC-PIC and DC-DC System

DC-PIC Module Functionality and Schematic

Details the DC-PIC's role in storing information and controlling voltage, with its schematic.

DC-DC Circuit Implementation

Explains the DC-DC circuit and provides its schematic diagram.

LM27402 SQ DC-DC Converter

LM27402 SQ Pin Functions and Usage

Lists and explains the primary functions of the LM27402SQ chip's pins.

DC-DC Voltage Abnormalities Troubleshooting

Provides steps to diagnose and resolve DC-DC voltage output issues.

Clock and LDO Voltage Regulation

25 M Clock Circuit and Principle

Details the 25M clock circuit, crystal oscillator, and its operational principle.

1.8 V LDO and Temperature Sensing Circuits

Covers the 1.8V LDO circuit and the temperature sensing mechanism.

Troubleshooting Mining Machine Status

No Configuration Information Error

Addresses the issue where the mining interface shows no configuration information.

Troubleshooting Common Error Indicators

Provides methods for diagnosing and resolving common mining machine errors.

No GH;S(RT) with Red Flash Indicator

Describes the specific error state of no real-time hash rate and a flashing red light.

Operation Board Fault Diagnosis

25 M Clock Circuit Faults

Details potential issues related to the 25M clock circuit.

Board Connectivity and Chip Issues

Covers problems like dropped lines, less board, and dropped chips.

Mining Machine Operational Faults

Reduced Performance and Chip Issues

Addresses phenomena like less mining machine, chip hit X, and reduced performance.

Chip Detection and Connection Problems

Discusses issues with detecting boards or chips and connection problems.

No GH;S(RT) with Alarms

Explains the state of no real-time hash rate with alarms and red light flashes.

Chip Performance and Status Anomalies

Chip Full Dozen XX and Low Hash Rate

Describes chip status as 'XX' and reduced GH/S(AVG) performance.

No GH;S(RT) and Red Flashing Lights

Details the condition of no real-time hash rate with red flashing lights.

Fan Detection and Protection Issues

Covers scenarios where only one fan is detected, leading to protection mechanisms.

Advanced Hash Rate and Chip Performance

Low GH;S(avg) with Chip Errors

Addresses low average hash rate accompanied by chip errors.

Super High GH;S(RT) Anomaly

Details instances where the real-time hash rate is abnormally high.

No GH;S(RT) with Alarms and Red Lights

Describes the state of no real-time hash rate, red light flashes, and alarms.

Troubleshooting Alarm and System Errors

No GH;S(RT) with Red Light Alarm

Explains the cause and checks for the red light alarm indicating no real-time hash rate.

Control Panel and Firmware Issues

Discusses common phenomena related to control panel problems and firmware.

C5 Control System Identification

Describes the C5 control system and its components.

Control Panel Identification and Reset Procedures

XILINX Control Panel Overview

Provides details about the XILINX control panel.

C5 and XILINX Control Panel Appearance

Shows the visual appearance of the C5 and XILINX control panels.

Routine Maintenance and Fault Classification

Detailed Routine Inspection Steps

Outlines the sequential steps for performing routine inspections and tests.

Common S9 Fault Type Categorization

Classifies common faults such as heat sink issues, impedance, and voltage imbalances.

Missing Chip Detection Methods

Explains how to detect missing chips using test box results and signal tracing.

Advanced Fault Scenarios and Solutions

Broken Chain and System Non-Operation Faults

Details faults like broken chains and the system failing to operate.

Low Calculation Capacity Causes and Diagnosis

Explains reasons for low calculation capacity and how to diagnose them.

Critical Maintenance Practices

Technician Skill and Tool Familiarity

Emphasizes the importance of technician knowledge regarding test points, voltages, and chip welding.

Chip Replacement and Welding Precautions

Provides crucial precautions for chip replacement, including cleaning and heating.

Antminer S9 Specifications

General

Voltage	11.60 ~13.00V
Chip Type	BM1387
Network Connection	Ethernet
Weight	4.2kg
Number of Chips	189
Cooling	2 x 12038 fans
Operating Temperature	0 - 40 °C
Dimensions	350mm x 135mm x 158mm