Hamron 010501 - Bulk charging; Constant voltage charging; Peak charging; Equalisation charging

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Bulk charging
In this stage the battery voltage has still not reached the constant voltage level (equalisation charging
voltage). The charge controller holds the charging current constant at the maximum level (MPPT
charging).
Constant voltage charging
When the battery voltage reaches the set point value for constant voltage the charge controller
switches from MPPT charging to constant voltage charging, and the charging current is gradually
reduced. Constant voltage charging has two levels: equalisation charging and peak charging.
Both charging levels are not always connected during each charging cycle, because this would
result in the formation of too much gas and risk overheating the battery.
Peak charging
The peak charging time is as standard 2 hours, but both the time and peak charging voltage can if
necessary be adjusted by the user. Peak charging is used to avoid overheating and too much gas.
Equalisation charging
WARNING!
Risk of explosion.
• Equalisation charging of wet cell batteries produces explosive gas – make sure that the
battery compartment is well ventilated.
IMPORTANT:
Risk of damaging equipment.
• During equalisation charging the battery voltage can get so high that sensitive DC equipment
connected to the battery can be damaged. Check that all connected equipment can
withstand an input voltage 11% higher than the set point value for the equalisation charging
voltage.
• Overcharging and excessive formation of gas can damage the battery plates and cause them
to erode. Equalisation charging with high voltage or for a long time can cause damage.
• Read and carefully follow the instructions for the battery used in the system.
Regular equalisation charging is good for some types of batteries – it counteracts stratication in
the electrolyte, equalises cell voltage dierences and desulphates the plates. The battery voltage
rises over the normal peak charging voltage during equalisation charging, which produces gas in the
electrolyte.
The charge controller equalisation charges the battery on the 28th of each month. Equalisation
charging lasts from 0 to 180 minutes. If the equalisation charging is not completed the excess time
is accumulated and added to the next equalisation charging. Both charging levels are not always