TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1
Page
OVERVIEW
OF
NUMERIC PROCESSING
Introduction
to
the 80287 Numeric Processor Extension .............................................
1-1
Performance ...................... ........... ....... ................................................ ............ ...........
1-1
Ease
of
Use ................................................................................................................. 1-2
Applications . ................................................................................................................ 1-3
Upgradability ............................................................................................................... 1-4
Programming Interface ................................................. ..... ......................................... 1-5
Hardware Interface .....................................................................................................
1-6
80287 Numeric Processor Architecture ........................................................................ 1-8
The
NPX
Register Stack ......................... '.................................................................... 1-8
The
NPX
Status Word ................................................................................................ 1-9
Control Word . .............................................................................................................. 1-10
The
NPXTag
Word ..................................................................................................... 1-12
The
NPX
Instruction and Data Pointers ..................................................................... 1-12
Computation Fundamentals ........................................................................................... 1-14
Number System .......................................................................................................... 1-14
Data Types and Formats ............................................................................................ 1-15
Binary Integers ........................................................................................................ 1-17
Decimal Integers ..................................................... ..... ........................................... 1-17
Real Numbers .......................................................................................................... 1-17
Rounding Control ........................................................................................................ 1-18
Precision Control ........................................................................................................ 1-19
Infinity Control ............................................................................................................. 1-19
Special Computational Situations .................................................................................. 1-20
Special Numeric Values ............................................................................... ...............
1-21
Nonnormal Real Numbers ......................................................................................
1-21
Denormals and Gradual Underflow....................................................................
1-21
Un
normals-Descendents
of
Denormal Operands ........................................... 1-23
Zeros and Pseudo Zeros ....... ....................................................... ............... ........... 1-24
Infinity ...................................................................................................................... 1-25
NaN
(Not a Number) ................................................................................................ 1-25
Indefinite .................................................................................................................. 1-29
Encoding of Data Types .......... ....... ................................................ ........................
1-29
Numeric Exceptions .................................................................................................... 1-33
Invalid Operation ..................................................................................................... 1-33
Zero Divisor ............................................................................................................. 1-33
Denormalized Operand ........................................................................................... 1-34
Numeric Overflow and Underflow.......................................................................... 1-34
Inexact Result .......................................................................................................... 1-34
Handling Numeric Errors ........................................... ............................................. 1-34
Automatic Exception Handling .............................................. .............................. 1-37
Software Exception Handling .............................................................................. 1-38
CHAPTER 2
PROGRAMMING NUMERIC APPLICATIONS
The 80287 NPX Instruction Set ..................................................................... ;...............
2-1
Compatibility with the 8087 NPX ................................................................................
2-1
Numeric Operands ......................................................................................................
2-1
Data Transfer Instructions ......................................................................... ................. 2-2
Arithmetic Instructions ................................................................................................ 2-4
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