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Fuel System
Types of Fuel
Use good quality diesel fuel to get the correct power and
performance from your engine. The recommended fuel
specification for JCB engines is given below.
Cetane Number: 45 (minimum)
Viscosity: 2.5/4.5 Centistokes at 40 °C (104 °F)
Density: 0.835/0.855 kg/litre
(0.872/0.904 lb/pint)
Sulphur: 0.5% of mass (maximum)
Distillation: 85% at 350 °C (662 °F)
Cetane Number
Indicates ignition performance. Fuel with a low cetane
number can cause cold start problems and affect
combustion.
Viscosity
Is the resistance to flow. If this is outside limits, the engine
performance can be affected.
Density
Lower density will reduce engine power. Higher density will
increase both engine power and exhaust smoke.
Sulphur
High sulphur content can cause engine wear. (High sulphur
fuel is not normally found in North America, Europe or
Australia.) If you have to use high sulphur fuel you must also
use a highly alkaline engine lubricating oil; or change the
normal oil more frequently.
Distillation
This indicates the mixture of different hydrocarbons in the
fuel. A high ratio of lightweight hydrocarbons can affect the
combustion characteristics.
Low Temperature Fuels
Special winter fuels may be available for engine operation at
temperatures below 0 °C (32 °F). These fuels have a lower
viscosity. They also limit wax formation in the fuel at low
temperatures. (Wax forming in the fuel can stop the fuel
flowing through the filter).
Flow improvers may also be available. These can be added
to the fuel to reduce wax formation.
Petrol
!!
WARNING
Do not use petrol in this engine. Do not mix petrol with
the diesel fuel. In storage tanks the petrol could rise to
the top and form flammable vapours.
INT-3-1-6
Filling the Tank
!!
WARNING
Diesel fuel is flammable; keep naked flames away from
the machine. Do not smoke while refuelling the machine
or working on the engine. Do not refuel with the engine
running. There could be a fire and injury if you do not
follow these precautions.
INT-3-2-2
At the end of every working day, fill the tank with the correct
type of fuel.
This will prevent condensation from developing in the fuel
tank overnight.
We recommend that, if possible, you lock the fuel cap to
prevent theft and tampering.
Section 3
Routine Maintenance
9803/8500
Section 3
2 - 1
Issue 1
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