2. Front wheel alignment
To assure smooth mobility or maneuverability and
enhance stable and straight running, the front wheels
are mounted at an angle to the right, left and forward
directions. This arrangement is referred to as the Front
Wheel Alignment.
2.1 Camber of front axle
The front wheels are tilted from the vertical as viewed
from the front,
upper wheels are spreader than lower
ones.
This inclination is called camber (a). Camber reduces
bending or twisting of the front axle caused by vertical
load or running resistance, and also keeps the stability
in running.
Camber
0.035 rad
2°
2.2 Kingpin angle of front axle
The kingpin is titled from the vertical as viewed from the
front.
This angle is
called kingpin angle (a). As with the
camber, kingpin angle reduces rolling resistance of the
wheels, and prevents any shimmy motion of the
steering wheel.
It also reduces steering effort.
Kingpin angle
0.209 rad
12°
2.3 Caster of front axle
The kingpin is titled forward as viewed from the side.
The point (b)
of the wheel center line is behind the point
(a) of the kingpin shaft center line.
This inclination is called caster (c). Caster helps
provide steering stability.
As with the kingpin inclination, caster reduces steering
effort.
Caster
0 rad
0°
F: Front R: Rear
2.4 Toe-in of front axle
Viewing the front wheels from above reveals that the
distance between the
toes of the front wheels is smaller
than that between the heels.
It is called toe-in. The front wheels tend to roll outward
due to the camber, but toe-in offsets it and ensures
parallel rolling of the front wheels. Another purpose of
toe-in is to prevent excessive and uneven wear of tires.
Toe-in
0 to 5 mm
0 to 0.19 in.
5. FRONT AXLE
 MECHANISM
2. Front wheel alignment
BX1880,BX2380,BX2680,RCK60B-23BX,RCK54-23BX,RCK48-18BX,RCK60D-26BX,RCK54D-26BX
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