Refer to Table 24 (maximum temperature) to select
the oil viscosity for engine operation at the highest
ambient temperature that is anticipated.
Generally, use the highest oil viscosity that is
available to meet the requirement for the temperature
at start-up.
Table 24
Engine Oil Viscosity
EMA LRG-1
API CH-4
Viscosity Grade
Ambient Temperature
Minimum Maximum
SAE 0W20
−40 °C (−40 °F) 10 °C (50 °F)
SAE 0W30
−40 °C (−40 °F) 30 °C (86 °F)
SAE 0W40
−40 °C (−40 °F) 40 °C (104 °F)
SAE 5W30
−30 °C (−22 °F) 30 °C (86 °F)
SAE 5W40
−30 °C (−22 °F) 40 °C (104 °F)
SAE 10W30
−20 °C (−4 °F) 40 °C (104 °F)
SAE 15W40
−10 °C (14 °F) 50 °C (122 °F)
Synthetic Base Stock Oils
Synthetic base oils are acceptable for use in these
engines if these oils meet the performance
requirements that are specified for the engine.
Synthetic base oils generally perform better than
conventional oils in the following two areas:
• Synthetic base oils have improved flow at low
temperatures especially in arctic conditions.
• Synthetic base oils have improved oxidation
stability especially at high operating temperatures.
Some synthetic base oils have performance
characteristics that enhance the service life of the oil.
Perkins does not recommend the automatic
extending of the oil change intervals for any type of
oil.
Re-refined Base Stock Oils
Re-refined base stock oils are acceptable for use in
Perkins engines if these oils meet the performance
requirements that are specified by Perkins. Re-
refined base stock oils can be used exclusively in
finished oil or in a combination with new base stock
oils. The US military specifications and the
specifications of other heavy equipment
manufacturers also allow the use of re-refined base
stock oils that meet the same criteria.
The process that is used to make re-refined base
stock oil should adequately remove all wear metals
that are in the used oil and all the additives that are in
the used oil. The process that is used to make re-
refined base stock oil generally involves the process
of vacuum distillation and hydrotreating the used oil.
Filtering is adequate for the production of high
quality, re-refined base stock oil.
Lubricants for Cold Weather
When an engine is started and an engine is operated
in ambient temperatures below −20 °C (−4 °F), use
multigrade oils that are capable of flowing in low
temperatures.
These oils have lubricant viscosity grades of SAE 0W
or SAE 5W.
When an engine is started and operated in ambient
temperatures below −30 °C (−22 °F), use a synthetic
base stock multigrade oil with an 0W viscosity grade
or with a 5W viscosity grade. Use an oil with a pour
point that is lower than −50 °C (−58 °F).
The number of acceptable lubricants is limited in
cold-weather conditions. Perkins recommends the
following lubricants for use in cold-weather
conditions:
First Choice – Use oil with an EMA DHD-1
Recommended Guideline. Use a CH-4 oil that has an
API license. The oil should be either SAE 0W20, SAE
0W30, SAE 0W40, SAE 5W30, or SAE 5W40
lubricant viscosity grade.
Second Choice – Use an oil that has a CH-4
additive package. Although the oil has not been
tested for the requirements of the API license, the oil
must be either SAE 0W20, SAE 0W30, SAE 0W40,
SAE 5W30, or SAE 5W40.
NOTICE
Shortened engine service life could result if second
choice oils are used.
Aftermarket Oil Additives
Perkins does not recommend the use of aftermarket
additives in oil. It is not necessary to use aftermarket
additives to achieve the engine's maximum service
life or rated performance. Fully formulated, finished
oils consist of base oils and of commercial additive
packages. These additive packages are blended into
the base oils at precise percentages to help provide
finished oils with performance characteristics that
meet industry standards.
SEBU7992-05
45
Maintenance Section
Fluid Recommendations
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