Press
(BREAK)
to
terminate execution of the program. You can change the range of the
random numbers quite easily. For example,
to
generate numbers in the range from
zero
to
100, simply multiply the RND function by 100. Change the program
to
10
PRINT
100*RND(
1)
:
GOTO
10
and
execute it. You should see decimal numbers between zero and
100
scroll by.
If
you would prefer to have the integers from zero
to
100 generated, use the INT
function. Change the program
to:
10
PRINT
INT(
100*RND(1)
:
GOTO
10
and execute it. You should see integers between zero and
100
scroll by. Using these
techniques, you can generate random numbers
in
any desired range. The qext
experiment illustrates an application
of
random numbers.
Experiment
#7
Simulating a Coin Toss
This experiment will use random numbers to create a simulation of tossing a coin.
A
"head"
or
"tail"
can be generated randomly with the use of RND according
to
the
following scheme:
RND(1 )
between 0 and
.5
between
.5
and 1
Outcome
Head
Tail
Since the probability
of
generating a number
in
the range 0 to 0.5 is equal to the
probability
of
generating a number in the range 0.5
to
1,
this scheme will generate
heads and tails with equal probability.
Use the NEW command
to
clear memory and enter the following program:
10
CLS
20
A =
RND(l)
30
IF
A <
.5
THEN
A$="HEAD"
ELSE
A$="TAIL"
110
PRINT
A$,"PRESS
ENTER"
50
A$=INKEY$
:
IF
A$=""THEN
50
80
GOTO
20
Execute the program.
If
you press
cmEID,
you can generate another coin toss. Continue pressing
CEfITEID
a
few times to see that the coin tosses give the appearance
of
a random sequence.
Press
(BREAK)
to
terminate execution.
Line
18
The display is cleared.
Line
28 A random number is generated and stored
in
the variable
A.
Line 38
If
the value assigned
to
A is less than .5, then the string
"HEAD"
is
stored
in the string variable A$. Otherwise, the string
"TAIL"
is stored in A$.
Line
48 The outcome is displayed along with a reminder to press
(ENTER)
to
continue.
Line
58 This loop continuously scans the keyboard. When any key
is
pressed, A$
will
no
longer be null and execution resumes on line 60.
150
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