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Tektronix 454A User Manual

Tektronix 454A
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Ci r cui t
Descr i pt i on- 454zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA
‘
/
R
454A
O
u
t
p ut
Push- Pul l
Am
p
l i f i er
.
T
h
e
col l ect or
si gnal
f r om
nel s
f or
d
u
al - t r ace
o p
er at i on)
.
Si nce
t
h
e
si gnal
sour ce
Q364- Q464
i s
co
n
nect e
d t o
t
h
e
i
n
p ut
of
t
h
e
f i r st
t r ansi st or
f ol l ows
t
h
e
Swi t c
h
i ng
Mu
l t i vi
b
r at or
st age,
t
h
e
N
O
RM
t r i g-
p
ai r
of
t
h
e
Out
p
ut
Push- Pul l
Am
p
l i f i er t
h
r oug
h
C368-
ger
si gnal
al so
i ncl u
d
es
t
h
e c
h
o
pp
e
d
swi t c
h
i ng
t r ansi e
n
t s
VR
363-
L
368
a
n
d
C468-
L
468-
VR
463
.
Zener
d i odes
VR
363
w
h
en
oper at i ng
i n t
h
e
C
H
O
P
mo
d
e
.
Wh
en
t
h
e
T
R
I GG
ER
and
VR
463
p
r ovi
d
e t
h
e
cor r ect
DC
vol t age
mat c
h
bet ween
swi t c
h
i s
i n
t
h
e
N
O
RM
p
osi t i on,
t
h
e
C
H
1
l i g
h
t s,
DS505
Q364- Q374
an
d
Q464- Q474
wi t
h
±
mi
n
i mum
of
si gnal
and
DS506
ar e
d
i sconnect e
d
.
Al so,
t
h
e
sampl e
of
t
h
e
at t enuat i o
n
.
C368- 1_368
and
C468- 1_468
pr ovi
d e ±
co
n
st ant
C
h
annel
1
si g
n
al i s
connect e
d t o
t
h
e
C
H
1
O
U
T
con
n
ect or
.
l oad
f or
Q364- Q464
.
T
h
e
V
er t i cal
Gai n
a
d
j
ust ment ,
R
365,
T
h
i s
o
u
t
p ut
si gnal
can
b
e
u
se
d t o
moni t or
C
h
annel
1
or
i t
var i es
t
h
e
sour ce
r esi st ance
of
Q374- Q474
t o
set
t
h
e gai n of
ca
n
be
u
se
d
i n
casca
d e wi t
h
C
h
annel 2 t o
p
r ovi
d
e
±
400
t
h
e
V
er t i cal
Out put
Ampl i f i er
ci r cui t
.
E
mi t t er
f ol l ower
¼
V
/
d
i vi si o
n
,
uncal i
b
r at e
d
,
mi ni mum
d
ef l ect i on
f act or
( wi t
h
Q388
a
n
d
var i abl e
r esi st or
R
382
set
t
h
e base vol t age
l evel
r e
d
uce
d b
a
n
d
wi dt
h
) .
of
Q394- Q494,
w
h
i c
h
i n
t ur n
set s
t
h
e
col l ect or
vol t age
l evel
of
Q374- Q474
.
Ze
n
er
d i ode
VR
388
p
r ot ect s
Q394- 0494
i f
Q388
s
h
oul d
f ai l
b y
cl am
p
i ng
t
h
ei r
b
ases
at
about
+26
I n
t
h
e
C
H
1
O
NL
Y
O
R
§
-
¥
p
osi t i on
of
t
h
e
T
R
I GG
ER
vol t s
.
swi t c
h
,
t
h
e
i nt er nal
t r i gger
si gnal
i s
obt ai ne
d
f r om
t
h
e
emi t t er
of
Q54
i
n
t
h
e
C
h
annel
1
V
er t i cal
P
r eam
p
ci r cui t
.
Now,
t
h
e
i
n
t er nal
t r i gger
si gnal
i s
±
sam
p
l e
of
onl y
t he
T
h
e
out
p
ut
si gnal
i s
connect e
d t o
t
h
e
ver t i cal
def l ect i on
si gnal
ap p
l i e
d
t o
t
h
e
I
NPU
T C
H
1
connect or
.
T
h
e
C
H
1
p
l at es
of
t
h
e
C
R
T
t
h
r oug
h
t
h
e
buf f er
t r ansi st or s
Q394-
l i g
h
t s
ar e
t
u
r ne
d
on t o
i n
d
i cat e
t
h
at
t
h
e
T
R
I GG
ER
swi t c
h
i s
Q494
.
‘
d
i st r i
b
ut e
d
d
ef l ect i on
p
l at e
syst em
i s
used
i n
i n t
h
e
C
H
1
O
NL
Y
posi t i on
an
d
t
h
e
C
H
1
O
U
T
connect or
i s
t
h
i s
i nst r ument
f or
maxi m
u
m
f r e
qu
ency
r es
p
onse
an
d
sen-
d
i sco
n
nect e
d
f r om
t
h
e
ci r c
u
i t
.
si t i vi t y
.
T
h
e
d
ef l ect i on
si g
n
al
f r om
t
h
e
V
er t i cal
Out put
Ampl i f i er
i s
con
n
ect e
d
t o
t
h
e
i
n
t egr al
i n
d uct or s
i n t
h
e
C
R
T,
i nduct or s
L
394-
L
494
an
d
t
h
e
t er mi nat i ng
net wor
k
R
501,
R
503 and
R
509
t er mi nat e
t
h
e
coaxi al
ca
b
l es
f r om
C394- 13394- 13397
an
d
C494- C495-
R
494-
R
495-
R
497
.
As
t
h
e
t r i gger
p
i c
k
of f
st ages
t o
pr ovi
d e
±
const ant
l oa
d f or
t
h
e
si gnal
passes
t
h
r oug
h
t
h
e
i nt egr al
i n
d uct or s
i n
t
he
C
R
T,
t
h
ese st ages
.
I n
t
h
e
N
O
RM
posi t i on
of
t
h
e
T
R
I GG
ER
i t s
vel oci t y
i s
essent i al l y
t
h
e
same
as
t
h
e
vel oci t y
of
t
h
e
swi t c
h
,
t
h
e
t r i gger
si gnal
f r om
t
h
e
V
er t i cal
Swi t c
h
i ng
ci r c
u
i t
el ect r on
beam
p
assi ng
b
et ween
t
h
e
ver t i cal
d
ef l ect i on
i s
t er mi nat e
d
at
t
h
e
I
n
p ut
Am
p
l i f i er
by
R
509
.
T
h
e
t r i gger
p
l at es
.
T
h
i s
sync
h
r o
n
i sm of
t
h
e
d
ef l ect i on
si gnal
an
d
t
h
e
si gnal
f r om
t
h
e
C
H
1
V
er t i cal
P
r eam
p
ci r cui t
i s
t er mi nat e
d
el ect r on
beam
r ed
u
ces
t
h
e
l oss
i n
h
i g
h
f r e
q
uency
sensi t i vi t y
at
t
h
e
V
er t i cal
M
OD
E
/ T
R
I GG
ER
swi t c
h
by
R
501
and
d
u
e
t o el ect r on
t r ansi t
t i me
t
h
r o
u
g
h
t
h
e
d
ef l ect i on
p
l at es
.
R
502
.
I n t
h
e
C
H
1
O
NL
Y O
R
§
-
¥
posi t i on,
t
h
e
t r i gger
I nd
u
ct or s
L
394-
L
494
an d
r esi st or s
R
394-
R
494
ar e ad
j
ust ed
si g
n
al
f r om
t
h
e
C
h
annel
1
V
er t i cal
P
r eam
p
ci r c
u
i t i s
t er mi -
t o
mi ni mi ze
si g
n
al
r ef l ect i ons
by
p
r ovi
d
i ng
t
h
e
cor r ect
nat ed
at
t
h
e
I
n
p
u
t
Am
p
l i f i er
by
R
509
an d
t
h
e
V
er t i cal
t er mi nat i on
f or
t
h
e
ver t i cal
d
ef l ect i on
p
l at e
st r
u
ct ur e
.
Swi t c
h
i ng
ci r cui t
si gnal
i s
t er mi nat ed
by
R
503
.
T
R
I GG
ER
PRE
A
MP
T
h
e
i nt er nal
t r i gger
si g
n
al
sel ect e
d
by
t
h
e
T
R
I GG
ER
swi t c
h
i s
connect e
d t o
t
he
I n
p
ut
Am
p
l i f i er
st age,
Q514
a
nd
Gener al
Q524
.
C
R
516
i n
t
h
e
emi t t er
ci r cui t
of
Q514
p
r ovi
d
es
t em-
p
er at ur e
compensat i on
f or
t
h
i s
st age
.
Di vi
d
er
R
514-
R
515
T
h
e
Tr i gger
P
r eam
p
ci r cui t
am
p
l i f i es t
h
e
i nt er nal
t r i gger
est a
b
l i s
h
es
±
b
i as
on
C
R
516
w
h
i c
h h
ol
d
s i t i n
con
d
uct i on
si gnal
t o
t
h
e
l evel
necessar y
t o
dr i ve
t
h
e
‘
an
d
’
Tr i gger
t hr oughout
t
h
e d
ynami c
r ange
of
t
h
e
am
p
l i f i er
t o
i nsur e
Ge
n
er at or
ci r c
u
i t s
.
I n
p
ut
si gnal
f or
t
h
e Tr i gger
P
r eam
p
ci r -
t hat
t
h
e
emi t t er
gai n- set t i ng
r esi st or ,
R
515,
r emai
n
s
act i ve
cui t
i s
ei t
h
er
±
sam
p
l e
of
t
h
e
si gnal
a
pp
l i e
d
t o
C
h
annel
1
or
;
·
t
h
e
ci r cui t
at
al l
t i mes
.
Zener
d
i ode
VR
521
p
r ovi
d
es
±
±
sam
p
l e
of
t
h
e
com
p
osi t e
ver t i cal si gnal
f r om
t
h
e
V
er t i cal
l ow- i mpedance
so
u
r ce f or
t
h
e
emi t t er
of
Q524
.
T
h
e
si gnal
Swi t c
h
i ng
ci r c
u
i t
.
T
h
i s
ci r c
u
i t
al so
p
r ovi
d es
±
si gnal
t o
t
h
e
at
t
h
e
col l ect or
of
§
514
i s
connect e
d
t o
t
h
e
base
of
Q524
H
or i zont al
Am
p
l i f i er
f or
§
-
¥ mo
d e o p
er at i o
n
.
F
i g
.
3- 9
t hr ough
R
517
.
R
518
p
r ovi des
f ee
d
b
ac
k
of
t
h
e
out
p
u
t
si gnal
s
h
ows
±
d
et ai l e
d
b
l oc
k
d
i agr am
of
t
he Tr i gger
P
r eamp
ci r -
cui t
.
‘
sc
h
emat i c
of
t
h
i s
ci r cui t
i s
s
h
own
on
d
i agr am
5 at
at
t
h
e
col l ect or
of
Q524
t o
t
h
e
emi t t er
of
§
514
.
T
h
i s
nega-
t
h
e
b
ac
k
of
t
h
i s
manual
.
t i ve
f ee
d
b
ac
k
p
r ovi
d
es
co
n
si st ent
gai n
f or
t
h
e
st age
.
T
he
si gnal at
t
h
e
col l ect or
of
Q524
i s
al so
connect ed
t o
t
he
Out
p ut
Am
p
l i f i er
st age
t
h
r oug
h
R
530
.
T
h
e Tr i gger
P
r eam
p
DC
L
evel
a
dj u
st ment ,
R
51
1,
set s
t
h
e
DC
l evel
at
t
h
e
col l ec-
I n
put
Ampl i f i er
f
or of
Q544
t o
zer o
vol t s
w
h
en
t
h
e
i n
p ut
DC
l evel
f or
t
h
e
T
h
e
i nt er nal
t r i gger
si gnal
f r om
t
h
e
V
er t i cal
Def l ect i on
am
p
l i f i er
i s
al so at
zer o
vol t s
.
Syst em
i s
connect e
d
t o
t
h
e
Tr i gger
P
r eam
p
I n
p u
t
Ampl i f i er
t
h
r o
u
g
h
t
h
e
T
R
I GG
ER
swi t c
h
,
S238B
.
Wh
en
t
h
e
T
R
I G-
G
ER
swi t c
h
i s
i n
t
h
e
NORM
p
osi t i on,
t
h
e
t r i gger
si gnal
i s
±
Out
put
Ampl i f i er
sam
p
l e
of
t
h
e
com
p
osi t e
ver t i cal
si gnal i n
t
h
e
V
er t i cal
Swi t c
h
i ng
ci r cui t
.
T
h
i s
si gnal
i s
obt ai ne
d
f r om
t
h
e
col l ect or
T
h
e
Out
p ut
Am
p
l i f i er
st age
i s
al so
±
f ee
d
bac
k
am
p
l i f i er
of
Q274
an d
i s
±
sam
p
l e
of
t
h
e
d
i s
p
l aye
d
c h
annel
( or
c
h
an-
si mi l ar
t o
t
h
e
I nput
Am
p
l i f i er
st age
.
T
h
e
I n
p
u
t
si gnal at
t
h
e
3-
1
2

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Tektronix 454A Specifications

General IconGeneral
BrandTektronix
Model454A
CategoryTest Equipment
LanguageEnglish

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