INSTRUCTION MANUAL | 63
EN
4.1. GENERAL OPERATION OF A WATER SOFTENER
A water softener provides softened water by removing ions such as calcium and
magnesium from the inlet water. The incoming water is sent to the valve that directs the
water over a container lled with special softening resins. These resins will exchange the
“hard” Ca and Mg ions present in the water for “soft” Na ions. The decalcied water that
comes out of the container is sent through the valve to the dierent taps of the house.
Resins have some ability to remove hard ions from the water The harder the water or the
higher the water consumption, the resin bed will run out before or after a certain amount of
water. At this time, resins must be regenerated to return them to their initial capacity. This
regeneration is done by putting them in contact with brine (dissolved salt [Na ions]).
In order to create the brine, the softener cabinet must be lled with salt tablets. After the
brine, the resin bed should be rinsed and washed against the current so that it does not
taste salty and so that the resin bed is in perfect condition to capture again the incoming
hardness ions (Ca and Mg ions).
The heart of the softener is the valve, equipped with a programmer that manages the
decalcier fully automatically. Water consumption is measured and the valve will order the
right time for a regeneration. A regeneration consists of 4 cycles:
- Backwashing: Water is sent on the resin bed in the opposite direction to remove
possible impurities in the upper part of the bed and disassemble it.
- Brine and slowl rinse: Brine is sent on the resin bed.
- Quick wash: The last traces of brine are removed and the bed is compacted
again.
- Filling: Water is sent to the part of the cabinet where the salt is. This water will
dissolve part of the salt, so that the necessary brine will be available for the next
regeneration.
4. OPERATION
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