United States and European studies show that
propane reduces greenhouse gases.The Propane
Education and Research Council states, “Unlike
fuels such as natural gas, propane vapor is
removed from the atmosphere faster than it takes
forittobecomewell-mixedandimpacttheglobal
climate.Additionally, propane does not have the
contaminants of some other fuels like diesel, and
haslesscriteriapollutantsacrossmanyapplications.
Propane’sportability,storability,andenvironmental
benets also qualify it to serve the unique needs
of several applications,” like oor maintenance
and restoration equipment.Based on the UK
Government’s Standard Assessment Procedure
(SAP) for Energy Rating for Dwellings (2005
edition),CalorGasLtd.concludedthat“electricity
emits80.0%moreCO2thanLPG–propanegas.”
(CO2 being a primary contributor to greenhouse
gas.)Therefore,wecan be proudto produce and
you toownpropanepoweredmachines.However,
therearesomeemissionsfrompropanethatcanbe
dangeroustohumans.
CarbonMonoxideisgeneratedintheexhaustas
theresultofincompletecombustionoffuel.COis
a verytoxic, colorless and odorless gas.Propane
emissionsmaycontainconsiderableamountsofCO.
When operating propane powered oor machines
in tightly enclosed spaces carbon monoxide can
accumulatequicklyandreachconcentrationswhich
are dangerous for humans.It causes headaches,
dizziness,lethargyanddeath.
Nitrogenoxidesaregeneratedfromnitrogenand
oxygen under the high temperature and pressure
conditions in the engine cylinder.NOx consists
mostly of nitric oxide (NO) and some nitrogen
dioxide (NO2).Nitrogendioxideisareactivegas
andisverytoxictohumans.AccumulationofNOx
inawarehouseatmospheremaybealsodetrimental
forthestoredgoods.Forexample,onlyafewppm
of NOx in the ambient air can change the color
of paper stock from white to yellowish.NOx
emissionsarealsoaseriousenvironmentalconcern
becauseoftheirozonereactivityandimportantrole
insmogformation.
Hydrocarbons are also a product of incomplete
combustion of fuel.Propane emissions, because
of the composition of fuel, contain only short
chainhydrocarbons.Theyarenotlikelytocontain
toxic components which are found in gasoline
HC emission.Also, the environmental impact of
propane hydrocarbon emissions is much smaller
than that of gasoline.However, hydrocarbon
derivatives are responsible for the characteristic
smell which is often a nuisance when propane
enginesoperateindoors.
Emissions
OSHAhassetaCOPermissibleExposureLevel
(PEL) at 50 parts per million (PPM) over a time
weighted average of eight hours and a ceiling of
200 PPM.TomanagepropaneemissionsinEagle
machines,we install athree way catalyticmufer
that takes the reactions from CO, HC and NOx
and simultaneously removes nearly all of these
pollutants.Concentrations of pollutants in the
exhaustgasdependonthefuelmixturecomposition.
At lean fuel mixtures, the exhaust gases contain
little carbon monoxide or hydrocarbons but high
concentrations of NOx.Rich mixtures produce
highconcentrationsofCOandHCwithlittleNOx.
Therefore, it is very important to maintain the
engineasrecommended.Somethingsthatassistin
keepingemissionslowfollow.
AirFilters:Theairfuelratiocanbeaffectedby
dirtyairlters,whichcancauseanimbalanceinthe
airmixedwithpropaneandincreasesemissions.It
is imperative that the operator check and correct
dirtyairlterseverytimethemachineisused.
OilLevel:Anotherthingthatcanalteremission
levelsistheoverllingofoil.Whentheoillevelis
toohigh,thevacuumeffectoftheengineoverthe
oilpanpullsoilvaporofftheoilanddistributesit
on thecarburetorairlter.Thisinturncollectsdust
andrestrictsthefreeowofairtothefuelmixture.
Inturn,itincreasestheproductionofCO.Operators
shouldfaithfullychecktheoillevelandkeepitat
the recommended level and not leave machines
idlingformorethanafewminutes.
When checking the oil level, be aware that
different engine manufacturers have different
instructionsforcheckingtheoillevel.Someinstruct
tounscrew thedipstick, wipeit off andreinsert it
withoutscrewingit in,thenextractingittoreadthe
level.Othersinstructthedipsticktobescrewedin
beforereadingthelevel.Becauseoftheimportance
ofmaintainingthecorrectoillevelalwaysconsult
the engine manufacturer operation manual for the
correctprocedure.Atalltimesthemachineshould
besettinglevelontheoorwhencheckingtheoil.
Controlling Emissions
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