*Gt[dBi] is transmit antenna gain;
*Gr[dBi] is receiving antenna gain;
*Pl[dB] is path loss (including spatial propagation loss, wall/glass blocking loss);
Example: Assume that the Pt is 26dBm, the Gt is 5dBi, the Gr is 3dBi, and the path loss is 100dB (including
spatial path loss and wall loss). Then the Pr = 26+5-100+3 = -66 (dBm).
Here is some typical building material penetration loss:
• Concrete wall: 20-30dB;
• Wooden furniture, doors and other wooden partitions: 2-15dB;
• Thick glass (12mm): 10dB
d) 802.11ac deployment tips
1. The 2.4G spectrum has been abused, the 5G spectrum is more abundant. Use 5G spectrum as much
as possible.
2. Deploy in the manner recommended by the equipment installation, generally ceiling installation or
desktop installation, the height difference should be less than 3 meters, and the AP position is required
to be higher than the terminal.
3. The direct path between AP and clients should be kept as clear as possible. In order to enable the
client to maintain a high connection rate, the AP should also be as close as possible to the target
position.
4. On the edge of coverage field, receiving strength of -67dBm~-65dBm is good enough to support the
basic requirements of data, voice, video, and positioning. The minimum signal-to-noise ratio needs to
be greater than 25dB. And for video and audio services, please enable 802.11r/k/v.
5. For indoor open space, an AP coverage area is about 250 square meters, and adjacent AP distance
should be between 18-20 meters.
But for indoor space with many partitions, deployment is more complicated. For the example of small
office room or hotel room, considering the wall penetrating capability of uplink, only one wall in between
of target clients and AP is usually maximum. The transmission power is generally set to 15~17dBm,
while in extreme high-density environment, it needs to be further reduced. If the wall is too thick and
there are too many users, you can consider installing a delicate AP.
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