Name: National Instruments PCI-6281
Brand: National Instruments
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M Series User Manual

Getting Started with DIO Applications in

Software

You can use the M Series device in the following digital I/O applications:

• Static digital input

• Static digital output

• Digital waveform generation

• Digital waveform acquisition

• DI change detection

Note For more information about programming digital I/O applications and

triggers in software, refer to the NI-DAQmx Help or the LabVIEW Help.

Table of Contents6
Getting Started15
Safety Guidelines15
Safety Guidelines for Hazardous Voltages16
Electromagnetic Compatibility Guidelines16
Hardware Symbol Definitions17
Installation17
Unpacking17
Device Self-Calibration18
Getting Started with M Series PCI Express Devices and the Disk Drive Power Connector19
When to Use the Disk Drive Power Connector19
Disk Drive Power Connector Installation19
Getting Started with M Series USB Devices20
Applying the Signal Label to USB Screw Terminal Devices20
USB Device Chassis Ground20
USB Device Panel/Wall Mounting22
USB Device Leds22
USB Cable Strain Relief22
USB Device Fuse Replacement23
USB Device Security Cable Slot26
Installing a Ferrite27
Pinouts27
Specifications27
Accessories and Cables27
DAQ System Overview28
DAQ Hardware28
DAQ-STC2 and DAQ-620229
Calibration Circuitry29
Cables and Accessories30
68-Pin M Series Cables and Accessories30
68-Pin Cables32
68-Pin BNC Accessories33
68-Pin Screw Terminal Accessories33
RTSI Cables33
SCC Carriers and Accessories33
Scxi34
68-Pin Custom Cabling and Connectivity34
USB Device Accessories, USB Cable, and Power Supply35
37-Pin M Series Cables and Accessories35
37-Pin Cables36
37-Pin Screw Terminal Accessories36
RTSI Cables36
37-Pin Custom Cabling36
Signal Conditioning37
Sensors and Transducers37
Signal Conditioning Options37
Scxi37
Scc38
Programming Devices in Software38
Connector and LED Information40
I/O Connector Signal Descriptions40
+5 V Power Source44
USER 1 and USER 244
RTSI Connector Pinout46
LED Patterns46
Analog Input47
Analog Input Range48
Analog Input Lowpass Filter49
Analog Input Ground-Reference Settings50
Configuring AI Ground-Reference Settings in Software52
Multichannel Scanning Considerations52
Analog Input Data Acquisition Methods55
Software-Timed Acquisitions55
Hardware-Timed Acquisitions55
Analog Input Triggering56
Connecting Analog Input Signals57
Connecting Floating Signal Sources58
What Are Floating Signal Sources58
When to Use Differential Connections with Floating Signal Sources58
When to Use Non-Referenced Single-Ended (NRSE) Connections with Floating Signal Sources58
When to Use Referenced Single-Ended (RSE) Connections with Floating Signal Sources59
Using Differential Connections for Floating Signal Sources59
Using Non-Referenced Single-Ended (NRSE) Connections for Floating Signal Sources62
Using Referenced Single-Ended (RSE) Connections for Floating Signal Sources63
Connecting Ground-Referenced Signal Sources63
What Are Ground-Referenced Signal Sources63
When to Use Differential Connections with Ground-Referenced Signal Sources64
When to Use Non-Referenced Single-Ended (NRSE) Connections with Ground-Referenced Signal Sources64
When to Use Referenced Single-Ended (RSE) Connections with Ground-Referenced Signal Sources65
Using Differential Connections for Ground-Referenced Signal Sources65
Using Non-Referenced Single-Ended (NRSE) Connections for Ground-Referenced Signal Sources66
Field Wiring Considerations67
Analog Input Timing Signals67
AI Sample Clock Signal69
Using an Internal Source70
Using an External Source70
Routing AI Sample Clock Signal to an Output Terminal70
Other Timing Requirements70
AI Sample Clock Timebase Signal71
AI Convert Clock Signal71
Using an Internal Source72
Using an External Source72
Routing AI Convert Clock Signal to an Output Terminal72
Using a Delay from Sample Clock to Convert Clock73
Other Timing Requirements73
AI Convert Clock Timebase Signal75
AI Hold Complete Event Signal75
AI Start Trigger Signal75
Using a Digital Source75
Using an Analog Source76
Routing AI Start Trigger to an Output Terminal76
AI Reference Trigger Signal76
Using a Digital Source77
Using an Analog Source77
Routing AI Reference Trigger Signal to an Output Terminal77
AI Pause Trigger Signal77
Using a Digital Source78
Using an Analog Source78
Routing AI Pause Trigger Signal to an Output Terminal78
Getting Started with AI Applications in Software78
Analog Output79
AO Offset and AO Reference Selection80
Minimizing Glitches on the Output Signal81
Analog Output Data Generation Methods81
Software-Timed Generations81
Hardware-Timed Generations82
Analog Output Triggering83
Connecting Analog Output Signals83
Analog Output Timing Signals84
AO Start Trigger Signal84
Using a Digital Source84
Using an Analog Source85
Routing AO Start Trigger Signal to an Output Terminal85
AO Pause Trigger Signal85
Using a Digital Source86
Using an Analog Source86
Routing AO Pause Trigger Signal to an Output Terminal86
AO Sample Clock Signal86
Using an Internal Source86
Using an External Source86
Routing AO Sample Clock Signal to an Output Terminal87
Other Timing Requirements87
AO Sample Clock Timebase Signal87
Getting Started with AO Applications in Software88
Digital I/O89
Static DIO90
Digital Waveform Triggering90
Digital Waveform Acquisition91
DI Sample Clock Signal91
Using an Internal Source91
Using an External Source92
Routing DI Sample Clock to an Output Terminal92
Digital Waveform Generation92
DO Sample Clock Signal92
Using an Internal Source93
Using an External Source93
Routing DO Sample Clock to an Output Terminal93
I/O Protection93
Programmable Power-Up States94
DI Change Detection95
DI Change Detection Applications96
Connecting Digital I/O Signals96
Getting Started with DIO Applications in Software97
Counter Input Applications98
Counting Edges99
Single Point (On-Demand) Edge Counting99
Buffered (Sample Clock) Edge Counting100
Controlling the Direction of Counting100
Pulse-Width Measurement100
Single Pulse-Width Measurement101
Buffered Pulse-Width Measurement101
Period Measurement102
Single Period Measurement102
Buffered Period Measurement103
Semi-Period Measurement104
Single Semi-Period Measurement104
Buffered Semi-Period Measurement104
Frequency Measurement105
Low Frequency with One Counter105
Low Frequency with One Counter (Averaged)106
High Frequency with Two Counters106
Large Range of Frequencies with Two Counters107
Choosing a Method for Measuring Frequency108
Position Measurement111
Measurements Using Quadrature Encoders112
Measurements Using Two Pulse Encoders113
Buffered (Sample Clock) Position Measurement114
Two-Signal Edge-Separation Measurement114
Single Two-Signal Edge-Separation Measurement115
Buffered Two-Signal Edge-Separation Measurement115
Counter Output Applications116
Simple Pulse Generation116
Single Pulse Generation116
Single Pulse Generation with Start Trigger117
Retriggerable Single Pulse Generation117
Pulse Train Generation118
Continuous Pulse Train Generation118
Finite Pulse Train Generation119
Frequency Generation119
Using the Frequency Generator119
Frequency Division120
Pulse Generation for ETS120
Counter Timing Signals121
Counter N Source Signal121
Routing a Signal to Counter N Source122
Routing Counter N Source to an Output Terminal122
Counter N Gate Signal122
Routing a Signal to Counter N Gate123
Routing Counter N Gate to an Output Terminal123
Counter N aux Signal123
Routing a Signal to Counter N aux123
Counter N A, Counter N B, and Counter N Z Signals124
Routing Signals to A, B, and Z Counter Inputs124
Routing Counter N Z Signal to an Output Terminal124
Counter N Up_Down Signal124
Counter N HW Arm Signal124
Routing Signals to Counter N HW Arm Input124
Counter N Internal Output and Counter N TC Signals125
Routing Counter N Internal Output to an Output Terminal125
Frequency Output Signal125
Routing Frequency Output to a Terminal125
Default Counter/Timer Pinouts125
Counter Triggering126
Other Counter Features127
Cascading Counters127
Counter Filters127
Prescaling129
Duplicate Count Prevention129
Example Application that Works Correctly (no Duplicate Counting)130
Example Application that Works Incorrectly (Duplicate Counting)130
Example Application that Prevents Duplicate Count131
When to Use Duplicate Count Prevention131
Enabling Duplicate Count Prevention in NI-Daqmx132
Synchronization Modes132
80 Mhz Source Mode133
Other Internal Source Mode133
External Source Mode133
Pfi134
Using PFI Terminals as Timing Input Signals135
Exporting Timing Output Signals Using PFI Terminals135
Using PFI Terminals as Static Digital I/Os136
Connecting PFI Input Signals136
PFI Filters137
I/O Protection138
Programmable Power-Up States138
Clock Routing139
80 Mhz Timebase140
100 Khz Timebase140
External Reference Clock140
10 Mhz Reference Clock140
Synchronizing Multiple Devices141
PXI/PXI Express Modules141
PCI/PCI Express Devices141
USB Devices141
Real-Time System Integration (RTSI)142
RTSI Connector Pinout142
Using RTSI as Outputs143
Using RTSI Terminals as Timing Input Signals144
RTSI Filters144
PXI Clock and Trigger Signals146
Pxi_Clk10146
PXI Triggers146
PXI_STAR Trigger146
PXI_STAR Filters146
Bus Interface148
Data Transfer Methods148
PCI/PCI Express Device and PXI/PXI Express Module Data Transfer Methods148
USB Device Data Transfer Methods149
PXI Considerations150
PXI Clock and Trigger Signals150
PXI and PXI Express150
Using PXI with Compactpci151
Triggering152
Triggering with a Digital Source152
Triggering with an Analog Source153
APFI <0,1> Terminals153
Analog Input Channels153
Analog Trigger Actions154
Routing Analog Comparison Event to an Output Terminal154
Analog Trigger Types154
Analog Trigger Accuracy157
Figure A-1. PCI/PXI-6220 Pinout159
Figure A-2. PCI/PXI-6221 Pinout162
Figure A-3. USB-6221 Screw Terminal Pinout164
Figure A-4. USB-6221 BNC Top Panel and Pinout166
Figure A-5. PCI-6221 (37-Pin) Pinout168
Figure A-6. PCI/PXI-6224 Pinout170
Figure A-7. PCI/PXI-6225 Pinout172
Figure A-8. USB-6225 Screw Terminal Pinout174
Figure A-9. USB-6225 Mass Termination Pinout176
Figure A-10. PCI/PXI-6229 Pinout178
Figure A-11. USB-6229 Screw Terminal Pinout180
Figure A-12. USB-6229 BNC Top Panel and Pinout182
Figure A-13. PCI/PXI-6250 Pinout184
Figure A-14. ni Pci/Pcie/Pxi/Pxie-6251 Pinout186
Figure A-15. USB-6251 Screw Terminal Pinout188
Figure A-16. USB-6251 BNC Top Panel and Pinout190
Figure A-17. USB-6251 Mass Termination Pinout192
Figure A-18. PCI/PXI-6254 Pinout194
Figure A-19. PCI/PXI-6255 Pinout196
Figure A-20. USB-6255 Screw Terminal Pinout198
Figure A-21. USB-6255 Mass Termination Pinout200
Figure A-22. ni Pci/Pcie/Pxi/Pxie-6259 Pinout202
Figure A-23. USB-6259 Screw Terminal Pinout204
Figure A-24. USB-6259 BNC Top Panel and Pinout206

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National Instruments PCI-6281 Specifications

General

Brand	National Instruments
Model	PCI-6281
Category	Data Loggers
Language	English

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