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NXP Semiconductors PN5180 Design Guide
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AN11740
PN5180
Antenna design guide
Rev. 1.1
—
19 June 2018
345311
A
ppli
cation note
COMP
A
NY PUBLIC
Document informat
ion
Info
Content
Ke
y
words
PN5180
,
Ant
enna desi
gn, Ant
enna tuni
ng
Abstr
act
This document des
cribes the
“stan
dard”
ante
nna design and tunin
g
related to
the PN5
1
80
.
2
Table of Contents
Contact Information
2
Dynamic Power Control
3
Introduction
3
NFC Reader Antenna Design
3
Fig 1. NFC Communication Modes
4
ISO/IEC 14443 Specifics
4
Fig 2. Magnetic Coupling between Reader (PCD) and Card (PICC)
5
Fig 3. PICC Classes According to the ISO/IEC 14443
6
Fig 4. ISO/IEC 10373-6 Referencepicc
7
Fig 5. ISO/IEC 10373-6 Reference PICC Class 1
7
Field Strength Tests
8
Wave Shape Tests
8
Load Modulation Tests
8
Emvco Specifics
9
Emvco Operating Volume
9
Fig 6. Emvco POS Operating Volume Requirement
10
Emvco Field Strength
10
Fig 7. Emvco POS Reader Antenna Size
11
Emvco Wave Shapes
11
Emvco Load Modulation
11
Fig 8. NFC Forum Operating Volume
12
The NFC Specifics
12
NFC Operating Volume
12
Fig 9. PCD & PICC Antenna Coil System
13
Generic PCD Antenna Design Rules
13
Optimum Antenna Coil
13
Number of Turns
14
Fig 10. Inductance Examples Versus Coil Radius
15
Fig 11. Load Modulation
15
Fig 12. Coupling Coefficient Vs PCD Antenna Radius
16
Optimum Antenna Coil Size
16
Fig 13. Maximum Coupling Vs Antenna Size
17
Fig 14. Operating Distance X Versus Antenna Size
18
Fig 15. Magnitude of Field Strength in 1 CM Distance
19
Layout Recommendations
19
Fig 16. PN5180 Layout Reference Board Top Layer
20
Fig 17. PN5180 Layout Reference Board Bottom Layer
21
PN5180 Hardware Design
21
Fig 18. Typical PN5180 Analog Circuit
22
Fig 19. Antenna Circuit
22
PN5180 Requirements
23
Fig 20. ITVDD Versus Antenna Impedance
24
Antenna for Reader Mode
24
Antenna Matching
24
Fig 21. PN5180 Reader Only Antenna Matching Circuit
25
Measure the Antenna Coil
25
Fig 22. Measurement 1 Antenna Coil of PN512 Blueboard
26
Fig 23. Measurement 2 Antenna Coil of PN512 Blueboard
26
Define Target Impedance and Q-Factor
27
Define the EMC Filter
28
Fig 24. Tuning Options
29
Calculate the Matching Components
30
Fig 25. Antenna Matching Calculation (Asymmetrical Tuning)
31
Simulate the Matching
31
Fig 26. RFSIM99 Schematic
32
Fig 27. RFSIM99 Simulation Result
33
Fig 28. Impedance Measurement Example
34
Assembly and Measurement
34
Fig 29. Measurement Result of First Assembly
35
Impedance Adaptation in Simulation
35
Fig 30. Impedance Adaptation in the Simulation (Result)
36
Fig 31. Impedance Adaptation in the Simulation (Circuit)
36
Fig 32. Final Tuning Simulation
37
Impedance Correction and Assembly
37
Fig 33. Final Tuning Measurement Result
38
Loading Effect
38
Passive" Loading with Referencepiccs
38
Fig 34. Antenna Impedance Example with Reference PICC Loading
39
Passive" Loading with Metal
39
Fig 35. Antenna Impedance Example with Smart Phone Loading
40
Active" Loading
40
Antenna for All NFC Modes
40
Fig 36. RM Antenna Matching with Low and High Impedance
41
Antenna Tuning for RM and CM
41
Fig 37. NFC Antenna in RM
42
Fig 38. Impedance of the NFC Antenna in RM
42
Fig 39. NFC Antenna in CM
43
Fig 40. Impedance of NFC Antenna in CM
43
Optimizing the Transmitting
44
Modulation Pulse Width
44
Type B Modulation Index
44
Fig 41. TX_CLK_MODE_RM
45
Tx Envelope Shape
45
Tx_Clk_Mode
45
Fig 42. Tx Envelope Shaping
46
Optimizing the Receiving
46
Fig 43. PN5180 Rx Block Diagram
47
External Rx Components
47
Test and Debugging
48
Digital Test Signals
48
Analog Test Signals
48
Example Type B
49
Fig 44. Type B Response with Test Signals
50
Fig 45. Test Signals for Type B, Comparison of Rxgain
51
Fig 46. Test Signals for Type B, Comparison of HPCF
51
Fig 47. Type B Without Card Response
52
Noise Check
52
Fig 48. Type B with Card Response
53
Fig 49. Examples of Vector Network Analyzers
54
Annex
54
Vector Network Analyzer
54
Fig 50. VNA/J from DL2SBA (Refer to [13])
55
Fig 51. Impedance Measurement Result Example (Smith Chart)
55
Impedance Measurement
56
Calibration
56
Fig 52. Measurement Connector and Calibration Kit
57
Fig 53. Calibration Result
57
References
58
Definitions
59
Disclaimers
59
Legal Information
59
Licenses
59
Trademarks
59
Table of Contents
60
List of Figures
60
List of Tables
61
Contents
62
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NXP Semiconductors PN5180 Specifications
General
Brand
NXP Semiconductors
Model
PN5180
Category
Antenna
Language
English
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