UNITS AND TERMINOLOGY
“Special Units” SI Units
Exposure Roentgen Coulombs / kg
Dose rad (0.01 Gy) Gray (100 rad)
Dose Equiv rem (0.01 Sv) Sievert (100 rem)
Activity Curie (2.22 E12 dpm) Becquerel (1dps)
1 Roentgen = 2.58 E-4 coulomb / kg in air
= 1 esu / cm in air
3
= 87.7 ergs / gm in air
= 98 ergs / gm in soft tissue
1 rad = 100 ergs / gm in any absorber
1 Gray = 10,000 ergs / gm in any absorber
1 rem = 1 rad x QF = 0.01 Sv
H = DQN (from ICRP 26)
H (Dose Equiv.) = D (absorbed dose) x Q (quality factor)
x N (any other modifying factors)
DEFINITIONS
Acute any dose in a short period of time
Chronic any dose in a long period of time
Somatic effects in the exposed individual
Genetic effects in the offspring of the exposed
individual
Teratogenic effects in the exposed unborn embryo/fetus
Stochastic effects for which a probability exists and
increases with increasing dose
Non-Stochastic effects for which a threshold exists -
(deterministic) effects do not occur below the threshold
(examples; cataracts, erythema, epilation,
acute radiation syndrome)
184
UNITS AND TERMINOLOGY
“Special Units” SI Units
Exposure Roentgen Coulombs / kg
Dose rad (0.01 Gy) Gray (100 rad)
Dose Equiv rem (0.01 Sv) Sievert (100 rem)
Activity Curie (2.22 E12 dpm) Becquerel (1dps)
1 Roentgen = 2.58 E-4 coulomb / kg in air
= 1 esu / cm in air
3
= 87.7 ergs / gm in air
= 98 ergs / gm in soft tissue
1 rad = 100 ergs / gm in any absorber
1 Gray = 10,000 ergs / gm in any absorber
1 rem = 1 rad x QF = 0.01 Sv
H = DQN (from ICRP 26)
H (Dose Equiv.) = D (absorbed dose) x Q (quality factor)
x N (any other modifying factors)
DEFINITIONS
Acute any dose in a short period of time
Chronic any dose in a long period of time
Somatic effects in the exposed individual
Genetic effects in the offspring of the exposed
individual
Teratogenic effects in the exposed unborn embryo/fetus
Stochastic effects for which a probability exists and
increases with increasing dose
Non-Stochastic effects for which a threshold exists -
(deterministic) effects do not occur below the threshold
(examples; cataracts, erythema, epilation,
acute radiation syndrome)
184
UNITS AND TERMINOLOGY
“Special Units” SI Units
Exposure Roentgen Coulombs / kg
Dose rad (0.01 Gy) Gray (100 rad)
Dose Equiv rem (0.01 Sv) Sievert (100 rem)
Activity Curie (2.22 E12 dpm) Becquerel (1dps)
1 Roentgen = 2.58 E-4 coulomb / kg in air
= 1 esu / cm in air
3
= 87.7 ergs / gm in air
= 98 ergs / gm in soft tissue
1 rad = 100 ergs / gm in any absorber
1 Gray = 10,000 ergs / gm in any absorber
1 rem = 1 rad x QF = 0.01 Sv
H = DQN (from ICRP 26)
H (Dose Equiv.) = D (absorbed dose) x Q (quality factor)
x N (any other modifying factors)
DEFINITIONS
Acute any dose in a short period of time
Chronic any dose in a long period of time
Somatic effects in the exposed individual
Genetic effects in the offspring of the exposed
individual
Teratogenic effects in the exposed unborn embryo/fetus
Stochastic effects for which a probability exists and
increases with increasing dose
Non-Stochastic effects for which a threshold exists -
(deterministic) effects do not occur below the threshold
(examples; cataracts, erythema, epilation,
acute radiation syndrome)
184
UNITS AND TERMINOLOGY
“Special Units” SI Units
Exposure Roentgen Coulombs / kg
Dose rad (0.01 Gy) Gray (100 rad)
Dose Equiv rem (0.01 Sv) Sievert (100 rem)
Activity Curie (2.22 E12 dpm) Becquerel (1dps)
1 Roentgen = 2.58 E-4 coulomb / kg in air
= 1 esu / cm in air
3
= 87.7 ergs / gm in air
= 98 ergs / gm in soft tissue
1 rad = 100 ergs / gm in any absorber
1 Gray = 10,000 ergs / gm in any absorber
1 rem = 1 rad x QF = 0.01 Sv
H = DQN (from ICRP 26)
H (Dose Equiv.) = D (absorbed dose) x Q (quality factor)
x N (any other modifying factors)
DEFINITIONS
Acute any dose in a short period of time
Chronic any dose in a long period of time
Somatic effects in the exposed individual
Genetic effects in the offspring of the exposed
individual
Teratogenic effects in the exposed unborn embryo/fetus
Stochastic effects for which a probability exists and
increases with increasing dose
Non-Stochastic effects for which a threshold exists -
(deterministic) effects do not occur below the threshold
(examples; cataracts, erythema, epilation,
acute radiation syndrome)
184