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Bluetooth Low Energy Protocol Stack Basics
9
SWRU271H–October 2010–Revised April 2019
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Overview
1.3 Bluetooth Low Energy Protocol Stack Basics
Figure 1-1 shows the Bluetooth Low Energy protocol stack architecture.
Figure 1-1. Bluetooth Low Energy Protocol Stack
The Bluetooth Low Energy protocol stack (or protocol stack) consists of two sections: the controller and
the host. This separation of controller and host derives from standard Bluetooth BR/EDR devices, where
the two sections were often implemented separately. Profiles and applications are implemented in
Figure 1-1 of the generic access protocol (GAP) and generic attribute protocol (GATT) layers of the
protocol stack.
The physical layer (PHY) is a 1-Mbps adaptive frequency-hopping Gaussian Frequency-Shift Keying
(GFSK) radio operating in the unlicensed 2.4-GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band.
The link layer (LL) controls the RF state of the device.
The device has five possible states:
• Standby
• Advertising
• Scanning
• Initiating
• Connected
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