Appendices 139
mkdir directory_name
• mkdir spot
• mkdir /tmp/snuggles
Creates a directory named directory_name.
• Creates the directory spot in the current directory.
• Creates the directory snuggles in the directory /tmp.
rmdir directory_name Removes the directory indicated by directory_name.
pwd Supplies the name of the current directory. While logged in, the user is
always “in” a directory. The default initial directory is the user's home
directory
/home/<username>
ls [options] directory_name Lists the files and directories within directory_name. Some useful
options are -l for more detailed output and -a which shows hidden
system files.
cd directory_name Changes the directory to the one specified.
cat file_name Prints the contents of file_name to the screen.
one dot(.) Represents the current directory.
two dots (..) Represents one directory above the current directory.
Table C.2: File Manipulation Commands (Continued)
Command Description
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