A network camera can be congured to send video over an IP network for live viewing and/or
recording either continuously, at scheduled times, on an event or on request from authorized
users. Captured images can be streamed as Motion JPEG, MPEG-4 or H.264 video using various
networking protocols, or uploaded as individual JPEG images using FTP, e-mail or HTTP (Hyper-
text Transfer Protocol). For more on video compression formats and networking protocols, see
chapters 7 and 9, respectively.
In addition to capturing video, Axis network cameras provide event management and intelligent
video functionalities such as video motion detection, audio detection, active tampering alarm
and auto-tracking. Most network cameras also oer input/output (I/O) ports that enable
connections to external devices such as sensors and relays. Other features may include audio
capabilities and built-in support for Power over Ethernet (PoE). Axis network cameras also
support advanced security and network management features.
Figure 2.1b Front and back of a network camera.
2.2 Types of network cameras
Network cameras can be classied in terms of whether they are designed for indoor use only or
for indoor and outdoor use. Outdoor network cameras often have an auto iris lens to regulate
the amount of light the image sensor is exposed to. An outdoor camera will also require an
external, protective housing unless the camera design already incorporates a protective enclo-
sure. Housings are also available for indoor cameras that require protection from harsh environ-
ments such as dust and humidity, and from vandalism or tampering. In some camera designs,
vandal and tamper-proof features are already built-in and no external housing is required. For
more on camera protection and housings, see Chapter 4.
Network cameras, whether for indoor or outdoor use, can be further categorized into xed, xed
dome, PTZ, and PTZ dome network cameras.
CHAPTER 2 - NETWORK CAMERAS
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