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BENDIX TU-FLO 501 AIR COMPRESSOR

BENDIX TU-FLO 501 AIR COMPRESSOR
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1
®
Bendix
®
TU-FLO
®
501 Air Compressor
SD-01-337
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
General
The function of the air compressor is to provide and maintain
air under pressure to operate devices in the air brake and/
or auxiliary air systems.
Description
The Tu-Flo
®
501 compressor is a two cylinder, single stage,
reciprocating compressor with a rated displacement of 12
cubic feet of air per minute at 1250 R.P.M.
The Tu-Flo
®
501 compressor is constructed from two major
assemblies, the head and the crankcase. The head houses
the discharge valving and is installed on the upper portion of
the crankcase. The crankcase is a one piece casting
combining the cylinder block and the crankcase. The upper
portion of the casting houses the cylinder bores and inlet
valving; and the lower portion, the crankshaft and main
bearings. Various mounting and drive configurations, required
by the numerous vehicle engine designs, are obtained by
bolting different mounting flanges, end covers, and base
adapters to the crankcase. Two horizontal governor mounting
pads are located on either side of the upper portion of the
crankcase to provide convenient governor mounting.
Two methods are employed for cooling the Tu-Flo
®
501
compressor during operation. The cylinder head is connected
to the engine’s cooling system, while the cylinder bore portion
of the crankcase has external fins for efficient air cooling.
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BENDIX TU-FLO 501 AIR COMPRESSOR Specifications

General IconGeneral
ModelTU-FLO 501
ManufacturerBendix
CoolingAir Cooled
TypeReciprocating
Stroke2.5 inches
Displacement12.4 CFM
MountingFlange

Summary

Bendix TU-FLO 501 Air Compressor: Introduction

Description and Operation Overview

Details the compressor's function, construction, cooling, and mounting.

Compressor Operation and Control Mechanisms

Normal Operation and Control

Explains how the compressor is driven, controlled by the governor, and its pressure regulation.

Intake, Compression, and Unloading Cycles

Details the air intake, compression, and unloader mechanisms in operation.

Air Brake System Integration and Installation

Compressor Role and Duty Cycle Factors

The compressor's function, duty cycle, and factors influencing it.

Discharge Line and Installation Guidelines

Requirements for proper discharge line setup and safety valve installation.

Compressor Cooling, Lubrication, and Ancillary Systems

Cooling, Lubrication, and Discharge Line Temperature

How the compressor is cooled, lubricated, and the impact of discharge line temperature.

Preventive Maintenance for Air Strainers and Components

Air Strainer Maintenance and Replacement

Procedures for cleaning or replacing air strainers based on type and usage.

Long-Term Maintenance Intervals

Tasks for maintenance every 6 months, 1800 hours, or 50,000 miles.

General Service Checks, Testing, and Removal

Inspection, Operational Tests, and Leak Detection

Checks for air supply, leaks, performance, and component conditions.

Compressor Removal and Disassembly Preparation

Steps for safely removing the compressor and initial disassembly preparation.

Disassembly and Component Cleaning Procedures

Detailed Component Disassembly Steps

Procedures for disassembling cylinder head, crankcase, rods, and related parts.

Cleaning Compressor Parts and Passages

Instructions for cleaning various internal and external compressor components.

Part Inspection and Oil Management Strategies

Crankcase, Cylinder, and Piston Inspection

Detailed checks for cracks, wear, and clearances in crankcase, cylinders, and pistons.

Oil Passing Issues and Mitigation Techniques

Discusses oil passing and methods to mitigate it using filters.

Crankshaft, Bearings, and Valve Maintenance and Repair

Crankshaft, Bearing, and Connecting Rod Inspection

How to inspect crankshaft journals, bearings, and connecting rod bearings.

Inlet and Discharge Valve Seat Repair Procedures

Methods for repairing or replacing valve seats and testing for leaks.

Compressor Assembly and Reassembly Processes

Crankshaft, Seals, and End Cover Installation

Steps for installing crankshaft, bearings, seals, end covers, and torque specifications.

Piston, Rod, and Unloader Mechanism Assembly

Procedures for assembling pistons, connecting rods, and the unloader mechanism.

Reassembly, Testing, and Troubleshooting Introduction

Cylinder Head and Base Plate Installation

Steps for installing the cylinder head, gasket, and base plate or adapter.

Rebuilt Compressor Testing and Safety Precautions

Procedures for testing a rebuilt unit and essential safety warnings.

Air Brake Charging System Troubleshooting Guide

Guide Navigation and General Safety Rules

Instructions for using the guide and essential safety precautions for service.

Oil Test Card Interpretation and Limitations

Guidance on using and interpreting the oil test card, noting its limitations.

Introduction to the Air Brake Charging System

Compressor Role, System Overview, and Duty Cycle

Explains the compressor's function, system integration, and duty cycle factors.

Discharge Lines and Air Dryer Functionality

Details on discharge lines, temperature effects, and air dryer operation.

Troubleshooting Symptoms and Diagnostic Steps

Using the Troubleshooting Guide and Safety

Instructions on navigating the guide and understanding its structure and indicators.

Oil Test Card Interpretation and Limitations

How to use and interpret the oil test card, noting its limitations.

Oil Leak Diagnosis and Location Identification

External Oil Leaks from Compressor Connections

Identifying oil leaks at compressor mounting flanges and connections.

Internal Oil Leaks within the Compressor

Diagnosing oil leaks originating from the compressor's internal components.

Reservoir Oil Contamination and Related Issues

Reservoir Oil Contamination Causes and Maintenance

Links reservoir oil to maintenance status, duty cycle, and leakage.

Compressor Sizing and Air System Leakage Impact

Addresses undersized compressors and air system leaks affecting oil levels.

Reservoir Oil Issues: Temperature and Flow Factors

High Temperatures and Discharge Line Restrictions

How high temperatures and restricted discharge lines affect oil in the reservoir.

Air Inlet Restrictions and System Airflow Impact

The effect of restricted air inlets on compressor performance and system air quality.

Advanced Reservoir Oil Contamination Causes

Inlet Air Quality and Crankcase Flooding Concerns

Addresses poor inlet air quality and potential crankcase flooding as oil sources.

Oil at Valves and System Normality Checks

Acceptable oil levels at valves and confirming normal system operation.

Troubleshooting Specific System Performance Issues

Engine Oil Consumption and Air Dryer Oil Problems

Diagnosing issues of excessive engine oil consumption and oil in the air dryer.

Diagnosing Slow Air Pressure Build-up Causes

Identifying potential causes for slow air pressure build-up in the charging system.

Addressing Slow Air Pressure Build-up Causes

Discharge Line and Inlet Airflow Restrictions

How restricted discharge lines and inlet air affect air pressure build-up.

Inlet Air Quality and Compressor Malfunction Issues

Causes related to poor inlet air quality and compressor failure leading to slow build.

Air System Pressure Build and Safety Valve Diagnostics

Causes for Failure to Build Air Pressure

Explains common reasons for the air charging system not building sufficient pressure.

Compressor Safety Valve Operation and Malfunctions

Discusses why the compressor safety valve might release air.

Air Dryer and Reservoir Safety Valve Issue Resolution

Air Dryer Safety Valve and Purge Problems

Covers air dryer safety valve release and failure of the air dryer to purge.

Reservoir Safety Valve and Compressor Cycling Issues

Addresses reservoir safety valve release and compressor cycling problems.

Compressor Leaks, Noise, and Miscellaneous Concerns

Diagnosing Air and Coolant Leaks

Identifies common causes for air and coolant leaks from the compressor.

Compressor Noise and Other System Considerations

Addresses noisy compressor operation and other rare system problems.

Diagnostic Tests for Air Brake System Components

Oil Leakage and Air System Leakage Tests

Step-by-step tests for head gasket oil leakage and overall air system leakage.

Compressor Temperature Measurement Test

Procedure to measure compressor discharge and air dryer inlet temperatures.

Advanced Diagnostic Tests for Governor and Unloader

Governor Malfunction and Control Line Tests

Procedures for testing governor malfunction and control line issues.

Compressor Unloader Leakage Test

Procedure for testing the compressor unloader mechanism for leakage.

BASIC Test Kit for Air System Contamination Analysis

BASIC Test Procedure and Flowchart Explanation

Explains the steps and decision points for conducting the BASIC test.

BASIC Test Kit: Checklist and System Measurement

Technician Checklist and Air Use Classification

Guidance for technicians on completing the checklist and categorizing vehicle air use.

Charging System Contents Measurement Procedure

Procedure for draining and measuring oil and liquid from air tanks.

BASIC Test Interpretation and Leakage Testing

Interpreting BASIC Test Results and Action Plan

Using the test chart to determine action based on oil levels and days since last drain.

Air Brake System Leakage Test Execution

Performing the four-minute air brake system leakage test.

Cold Weather Air Brake System Operation Tips

Engine Idling and Discharge Line Management in Cold

Recommendations for engine idling and discharge line setup in cold weather.

Cold Weather System Maintenance and Checks

System Leakage and Reservoir Draining Practices

Focuses on identifying system leakage and proper reservoir draining.

Alcohol Systems and Air Dryer Maintenance Guidance

Guidance on maintaining alcohol evaporator systems and air dryers.

Thawing Frozen Lines and System Support in Cold Weather

Frozen Air Line Thawing and Prevention Strategies

Do's and Don'ts for safely thawing frozen air lines and preventing recurrence.

Line Support and Automatic Drain Valve Checks

Importance of supporting lines and verifying automatic drain valve operation.

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