Chapter 6: Operation
Operating Considerations
6 - 4 100-413-016 Rev. C
Based on heat transfer characteristics, the following vessel materials are recom-
mended, listed in decreasing order of heat conductivity:
Immersing the processing vessel in a simple ice-water bath (0 C) provides suffi-
cient cooling for larger volumes, if required treatment times are short. If temper-
ature rise is too great with this method, consider using the following:
• Ice-salt (-6 C) - Ice-alcohol (-14 C)
• Dry-ice alcohol-water (-30 to -40 C)
For smaller volumes with less than 30 seconds treatment time, an ice-water bath
is sufficient. For longer periods, especially when high power is required, a lower
temperature bath is required.
Best • Aluminum
• Stainless Steel
• Thin-wall Glass
• Thick-wall Glass
Poorest • Plastic
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