Detroit Diesel EPA07 - User Manual

2.2.1 Priming the Fuel System - Three-Filter System
While servicing the fuel system, air can enter the system and will need to be purged. If the air in the system is not
properly purged, a no-start condition, longer than normal crank times, or electronic service codes related to
unstable rail pressure may occur. If a service code is set after work is performed on the fuel system, clear the
codes and retest the system.
The Parker-Racor Three-Filter Fuel System requires specific priming pressures to properly prime the lubrication
circuit on the high pressure pump. To prevent severe damage to the pump and/or other fuel system components,
it is important that only a Detroit ® approved priming tool is used.
Detroit ® approved priming tools for the Parker-Racor Three-Filter Fuel System:
Export Specific Primers:
Proceed as follows:
Note : If there is a need to stop the machine for any reason (leaks, forgot to connect hose, etc.), depress the
STOP button.
Note : Starting difficulty may occur until a drive cycle has been completed to completely remove all remaining air
from the fuel system.
• DAVCO Shop Pro FXP 95 (120 Volt 95 psi) PN: DAVCO FXP95
• ESOC 455 (Pneumatic 95 psi) PN: DES001E19011
• ESOC 250E (120 Volt 95 psi) PN: ESOC 250E
• ESOC 350 (Pneumatic) (Discontinued)
• DAVCO Shop Pro FXP (120 Volt) (Discontinued)
• DAVCO Shop Pro FXP Regulated 50/95 psi (230 Volt Italy/Chile) PN: DDV470E19004
• DAVCO Shop Pro FXP Regulated 50/95 psi (230 Volt Australia) PN: DDV470E19005
1. Connect the Detroit® approved priming tool. Refer to the Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM)
instructions provided with the tool.
2. Turn the priming tool ON.
3. Prime the fuel system for TWO (2) minutes.
WARNING
ENGINE EXHAUST
To avoid injury from inhaling engine exhaust, always operate the engine in a well-
ventilated area. Engine exhaust is toxic.
WARNING
PERSONAL INJURY
To avoid injury before starting and running the engine, ensure the vehicle is parked on a
level surface, parking brake is set, and the wheels are blocked.
4. With the priming tool still CONNECTED and PRIMING , start the engine and run at idle (600 rpm) for ONE
(1) minute.
5. Turn the priming tool OFF and close the ball valve.
6. Increase engine speed to 1500 rpm for ONE (1) additional minute.
7. Reduce engine speed to idle (600 rpm).
8. Disconnect the priming tool. Refer to OEM instructions.
EPA07 10 GHG14 Fuel Manual (DDC-SVC-MAN-0082)
1

Summary

Priming the Fuel System - Three-Filter System

Detroit Approved Priming Tools

Lists Detroit® approved priming tools and export specific primers.

Priming Procedure Steps

Detailed steps for connecting the tool, priming, and running the engine.

Safety Precautions During Priming

Warnings regarding engine exhaust inhalation and personal injury.

Post-Priming Engine Operation

Instructions for running the engine at different speeds and disconnecting the tool.

Potential Starting Difficulty

Note on potential starting issues until a drive cycle removes residual air.

Final Air Purge via Road Test

Perform a 15-minute road test to fully purge air from the fuel system.

Overview

1. Function Description
2. Important Technical Specifications
3. Usage Features
4. Maintenance Features

This document, "EPA07 10 GHG14 Fuel Manual (DDC-SVC-MAN-0082)," details the procedure for priming the fuel system in a three-filter configuration, specifically for Detroit® engines utilizing the Parker-Racor Three-Filter Fuel System. The primary function of this procedure is to purge air from the fuel system after servicing, which is critical to prevent issues such as no-start conditions, prolonged crank times, or electronic service codes related to unstable rail pressure. The manual emphasizes the necessity of using Detroit® approved priming tools to ensure proper priming pressures for the high-pressure pump's lubrication circuit, thereby preventing damage to the pump and other fuel system components.

Function Description:

The core function of the described process is to prepare the fuel system for operation after maintenance or repair that could introduce air. Air in the fuel system can severely impair engine performance and lead to component damage. The priming process involves connecting a specialized tool that pressurizes the fuel system, forcing air out. This is followed by a sequence of engine operations at specific RPMs to ensure complete air removal. The procedure is designed to be comprehensive, addressing both initial air removal and the subsequent purging of any residual air during engine operation and a road test. The manual highlights that if a service code is set after fuel system work, it must be cleared, and the system retested.

Important Technical Specifications:

The manual lists several Detroit® approved priming tools, each with specific technical specifications:

• DAVCO Shop Pro FXP 95: 120 Volt, 95 psi, PN: DAVCO FXP95.
• ESOC 455: Pneumatic, 95 psi, PN: DES001E19011.
• ESOC 250E: 120 Volt, 95 psi, PN: ESOC 250E.
• ESOC 350: Pneumatic (Discontinued).
• DAVCO Shop Pro FXP: 120 Volt (Discontinued).

For export-specific applications, regulated priming tools are also listed:

• DAVCO Shop Pro FXP Regulated 50/95 psi: 230 Volt (Italy/Chile), PN: DDV470E19004.
• DAVCO Shop Pro FXP Regulated 50/95 psi: 230 Volt (Australia), PN: DDV470E19005.

These specifications indicate the power requirements (120 Volt or 230 Volt), the operating pressure (95 psi or regulated 50/95 psi), and the power source (electric or pneumatic) for the priming tools. The consistent pressure requirement of 95 psi for domestic tools underscores the critical pressure needed for effective priming of the high-pressure pump's lubrication circuit. The regulated 50/95 psi for export tools suggests adaptability to different regional requirements while still ensuring the necessary pressure for critical components.

Usage Features:

The usage procedure is clearly outlined in a step-by-step format:

1. Tool Connection: Connect the Detroit® approved priming tool according to the OEM instructions. This step emphasizes adherence to manufacturer guidelines for safe and effective tool operation.
2. Priming Tool Activation: Turn the priming tool ON. A critical note is provided: if there's a need to stop the machine for any reason (e.g., leaks, forgotten hose connection), the STOP button should be depressed. This highlights a safety and operational interruption feature.
3. Initial Priming Duration: Prime the fuel system for TWO (2) minutes. This duration is crucial for the initial removal of a significant amount of air.
4. Engine Start and Idle: With the priming tool still CONNECTED and PRIMING, start the engine and run it at idle (600 rpm) for ONE (1) minute. This step combines the continuous priming action with engine operation to further dislodge and purge air.
5. Tool Deactivation: Turn the priming tool OFF and close the ball valve. This marks the end of the active priming tool's role.
6. Increased Engine Speed: Increase engine speed to 1500 rpm for ONE (1) additional minute. This higher RPM helps to circulate fuel more vigorously, aiding in the removal of any remaining air bubbles.
7. Return to Idle: Reduce engine speed to idle (600 rpm). This allows the system to stabilize after the higher RPM operation.
8. Tool Disconnection: Disconnect the priming tool, again referring to OEM instructions.
9. Road Test: Take the unit for a 15-minute road test to purge all remaining air from the fuel system. This final step is crucial for ensuring complete air removal under dynamic operating conditions, as starting difficulty may persist until a drive cycle is completed.

Maintenance Features:

While the document primarily focuses on a usage procedure rather than device maintenance, it implicitly highlights aspects related to system integrity and preventative measures:

• Importance of Proper Priming: The entire procedure is a maintenance-related task, performed after servicing the fuel system. It prevents potential damage to the high-pressure pump and other fuel system components that could result from air ingestion.
• Use of Approved Tools: The strict requirement for Detroit® approved priming tools ensures that the correct pressure and flow are applied, preventing damage to the fuel system during the priming process. Using unapproved tools could lead to improper priming or component damage, necessitating further maintenance.
• Warning Messages: The inclusion of "WARNING" messages regarding "ENGINE EXHAUST" and "PERSONAL INJURY" underscores critical safety considerations during maintenance. These warnings advise operating the engine in a well-ventilated area due to toxic exhaust and ensuring the vehicle is parked on a level surface with the parking brake set and wheels blocked to prevent injury during engine start-up and operation. These are crucial for maintaining a safe working environment during any fuel system maintenance.
• Post-Procedure Monitoring: The note about starting difficulty potentially occurring until a drive cycle is completed implies a need for post-maintenance monitoring of engine performance. If issues persist, further investigation or re-priming might be necessary, indicating an ongoing maintenance consideration.
• Clearing Service Codes: The instruction to "clear the codes and retest the system" if a service code is set after fuel system work is a direct maintenance action. It ensures that any diagnostic trouble codes triggered by the air in the system are addressed and that the system's health is verified post-repair.

In summary, this document provides a detailed, step-by-step guide for a critical post-service procedure for Detroit® engines with Parker-Racor Three-Filter Fuel Systems. It emphasizes the use of specialized tools, precise timing, and specific engine operations to ensure the complete removal of air, thereby safeguarding engine components and maintaining optimal performance. The embedded safety warnings and post-procedure checks are integral to both the usage and maintenance aspects of the system.

Detroit Diesel EPA07 Specifications