GSM: Global System for Mobile communications; cellular network for voice
and data transmission.
ICMP: Internet Control Message Protocol; protocol that is often used to con-
trol a network. The program "ping" uses ICMP for example.
IP address: Internet Protocol address; The IP address of a device in a network un-
der which it can be accessed. It consists of four bytes and is indicated
decimal, (e.g. 192.168.1.1)
ISP: Internet Service Provider; an ISP can be called using a dial-up connec-
tion (e.g. with an analogue modem or ISDN-TA). The ISP will then pro-
vide access to the Internet via this dial-up connection.
LAN: Local Area Network; a network of computers which are located rela-
tively close to each other.
MAC address: Media Access Control Address. A MAC is a part of an Ethernet
interface. Each Ethernet interface has a unique global number, the
MAC address.
MSN: Multiple Subscriber Number. Devices that are active on an So bus re-
quire an answerback code in form of a terminal device number.
Netzmask: Defines a logical group of IP addresses in net address and device ad-
dresses.
Net address: Consists of the overlap of IP address and netmask. It always ends with
"0". The netmask (e.g. 255.255.255.0) is applied in binary form to an IP
address (e.g. 192.168.1.1); the still "visible" part of this overlapping
(masking) is the net address (here: 192.168.1.0).
Network rules: You decide how the different data packets are handled in a net-
work device. You can block or redirect data packets to or from certain
network participants for example.
PAP: Password Authentication Protocol; an authentication protocol often
used for PPP connections.
Port: (1) Socket at the switch for connecting Ethernet devices.
(2) Part of a socket for data connections
Port forwarding: Network rules that redirect data packets from certain senders to
special recipients of a network.
PPP: Point to Point Protocol; a protocol, which connects two machines via a
serial line to enable the exchange of TCP/IP packets between those
two machines.
PPPoE: Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet; a protocol, which connects two
devices via an Ethernet line to enable the exchange of TCP/IP packets
between those two machines.
Router: This is a machine in a network, which is responsible for the incoming
data of a protocol to be forwarded to the planned destination or sub
network.
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