This document is printed from SPI². Not for RESALE
The four cylinders are arranged in-line. The cylinder
head assembly has one inlet valve and one exhaust
valve for each cylinder. The port for the exhaust valve
is on the right side of the cylinder head. The port for
the inlet valve is on the top of the cylinder head. Each
cylinder valve has a single valve spring.
Each cylinder has a piston cooling jet that is installed
in the cylinder block. The piston cooling jet sprays
engine oil onto the inner surface of the piston in order
to cool the piston. The pistons have a Quiescent
combustion chamber in the top of the piston in order
to achieve clean exhaust emissions. The piston pin is
off-center in order to reduce the noise level.
The pistons have two compression rings and an oil
control ring. The groove for the top ring has a hard
metal insert in order to reduce wear of the groove.
The skirt has a layer of graphite in order to reduce the
risk of seizure when the engine is new. The correct
piston height is important in order to ensure that the
piston does not contact the cylinder head. The correct
piston height also ensures the efficient combustion of
fuel which is necessary in order to conform to
requirements for emissions.
The crankshaft has five main bearing journals. End
play is controlled by thrust washers which are located
on both sides of the number 3 main bearing.
The timing case is made of cast iron. Some of the
timing gears are stamped with timing marks in order
to ensure the correct assembly of the gears. When
the number 1 piston is at a certain position, the
marked teeth on the camshaft gear will align with the
marks that are on the gear on the crankshaft.
There are no timing marks on the rear face of the
timing case.
The crankshaft gear turns the camshaft gear which
then turns the following gears:
• the idler gear
• the idler gear for the engine oil pump
• the engine oil pump gear
• the accessory drive gear
• the fuel injection pump gear
The camshaft runs at half the rpm of the crankshaft.
The fuel injection pump runs at one and a half times
the speed as the crankshaft.
The fuel injection pump that is installed on the left
side of the engine is gear-driven from the timing case.
The internal fuel transfer pump is driven by the fuel
injection pump. The fuel transfer pump draws low
pressure fuel from the primary fuel filter. The fuel
transfer pump delivers the fuel to the secondary filter.
The fuel then travels to the fuel injection pump.
The fuel injection pump increases the fuel to a
maximum pressure of 160 MPa (23200 psi). The fuel
injection pump delivers the fuel to the fuel manifold
(Rail). The fuel injection pump is not serviceable. The
engine uses speed sensors and the Electronic
Control Module (ECM) to control the engine speed.
For the specifications of the 854E-E34TA and 854F-
E34T engines, refer to the Specifications, “Engine
Design”.
6 UENR0623
General Information
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