E-48
• The standardization conversion formula is as follows:
t =
x − x
—
σx
Notes:
• P(t), Q(t), and R(t) will always take positive values,
even when t < 0, because these functions follow the
same principle used when solving for an area.
• Values for P(t), Q(t), and R(t) are given to six decimal
places.
DATA
x
F
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1
3
5
8
13
10
7
3
b
1
0
@
Z
S#a# 0
[
SD
]
0
.
20
H
1
_
DATA SET=
1
.
30
H
3
_
DATA SET=
2
.
40
H
5
_
DATA SET=
3
.
50
H
8
_
DATA SET=
4
.
60
H
13
_
DATA SET=
5
.
70
H
10
_
DATA SET=
6
.
80
H
7
_
DATA SET=
7
.
90
H
3
_
DATA SET=
8
.