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The 3400 series Surface Moisture-Density gauge is designed to
measure the moisture content and density of soils, soil bases,
aggregate, concrete, asphalt treated bases, and asphalt
pavement. With a custom calibration or offset, the gauge can
also be used on other materials. The 3400 series gauges allow
you to quickly and precisely determine this moisture content
and density without the use of core samples or other destructive
methods.
Using direct transmission or backscattered gamma radiation,
the 3400 series gauges determine the density of materials by
counting the number of photons emitted by a cesium-137
source, which return to the G-M detectors in the gauge base.
These detectors detect the radiation and the counts are
converted into a density reading.
Utilizing the principle of neutron thermalization, the 3400 series
gauges determine the moisture content of soils and soil-like
materials. Hydrogen (water) in the material slows neutrons
emitted from an americium-241:beryllium source. Detectors
located in the base detect the slowed neutrons.
The 3400 series gauges meet or exceed all the requirements of
ASTM Standards C1040, D6938, D2950, and AASHTO T-310.
The Model 3411-B stores all calibration constants needed to
compute and display wet density, moisture, dry density, percent
moisture, and percent compaction in either kilograms per cubic
meter or pounds per cubic foot.
The Model 3401-B is a simpler gauge. It displays measured
counts and users must perform calculations manually.
Measurement results are determined using computer derived
calibration tables. The Model 3401-B can easily be converted to
a Model 3411-B by changing the keypad and display, also known
as the scaler.
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