122
)HUĆVWUĆX&LUFXODU(OHFWULF RO
QHPLüFDWĆSkQĆODRSULUHDFRPSOHWĆ
DGLVFXOXL1XvQFHUFDĦLQLFLRGDWĆVĆ
H[WUDJHĦLGLVFXOGHWĆLHUHGLQWĆLHWXUĆ
DOWIHOVHSRDWHSURGXFHXQUHFXO
&HUFHWDĠLúLOXDĠLPăVXULOHQHFHVDUHSHQWUX
HOLPLQDUHDFDX]HLEORFăULLGLVFXOXL
K1XUHvQFHSHĦLRSHUDĦLXQHDGHGHELWDUH
vQLQWHULRUXOSLHVHLSUHOXFUDWH/ĆVDĦL
GLVFXOVĆDMXQJĆODYLWH]DPD[LPĆüL
DSRLSĆWUXQGHĦLGLQQRXvQFDQDOXOGH
GHELWDUHFXDWHQĦLH'LVFXOVHSRDWHEORFD
SRDWHVăULVDXSRDWHSURYRFDXQUHFXOGDFă
XQHDOWDHOHFWULFăHVWHUHSRUQLWăvQLQWHULRUXO
SLHVHLSUHOXFUDWH
L6SULMLQLĦLSDQRXULOHVDXRULFHDOWĆ
SLHVĆGHGLPHQVLXQLPDULSHQWUXD
PLFüRUDULVFXOJULSĆULLüLUHFXOXOXL
3LHVHOHGHSUHOXFUDWPDULDXWHQGLQĠDGHDVH
vQGRLVXESURSULDJUHXWDWH6XSRUWXULOHYRUIL
SODVDWHVXESLHVDGHSUHOXFUDWOkQJăOLQLDGH
WăLHUHúLOkQJăPDUJLQHDSLHVHLGHDPEHOHSăUĠL
DOHGLVFXOXL
M$FRUGDĦLRDWHQĦLHVSRULWĆH[HFXĦLHL
ÅWĆLHWXULORUWLSEX]XQDUµvQSHUHĦL
H[LVWHQĦLVDXvQDOWHVSDĦLLIĆUĆ
YL]LELOLWDWH'LVFXOFDUHSăWUXQGHSRDWH
WăLDĠHYLGHJD]VDXDSăFDEOXULHOHFWULFHVDX
RELHFWHFDUHSRWSURYRFDUHFXO
5(*8/,683/,0(17$5(
35,9,1'6,*85$1ĥ$
3XUWDĠLvQWRWGHDXQDRPDVFăGHSURWHFĠLHFRQWUD
SUDIXOXL
$9(57,60(17(
*(1(5$/(35,9,1'
6,*85$1ĥ$
3(1758$3$5$78/
'801($92$675ą&8
/$6(5
$9(57,60(17&LWLĦLWRDWH
LQVWUXFĦLXQLOHüLDYHUWLVPHQWHOHSULYLQG
VLJXUDQĦD 1HUHVSHFWDUHDDYHUWLVPHQWHORUúL
LQVWUXFĠLXQLORUSRDWHFDX]DUăQLJUDYH
3ĆVWUDĦLWRDWHDYHUWLVPHQWHOHüL
LQVWUXFĦLXQLOHSHQWUXFRQVXOWĆULXOWHULRDUH
$FHVWHODVHUHQXSUH]LQWĆvQPRGQRUPDO
XQSHULFRORSWLFGHüLSULYLWXOGLUHFWvQ
IDVFLFXOSRDWHFDX]DRUELUHDWHPSRUDUĆ
1XSULYLĦLGLUHFWvQIDVFLFXOXOODVHU3RDWH
H[LVWDXQSHULFROGDFĆSULYLĦLvQGLUHFWvQ
IDVFLFXOUHVSHFWDĦLWRDWHUHJXOLOHSULYLQG
VLJXUDQĦDDVWIHO
/DVHUXOYDILXWLOL]DWüLvQWUHĦLQXW
vQFRQIRUPLWDWHFXLQVWUXFĦLXQLOH
SURGXFĆWRUXOXL
1XvQGUHSWDĦLQLFLRGDWĆIDVFLFXOXOVSUH
RSHUVRDQĆVDXXQDOWRELHFWvQDIDUĆ
GHSLHVDGHSUHOXFUDW
)DVFLFXOXOODVHUQXWUHEXLHvQGUHSWDW
LQWHQĦLRQDWVSUHRDOWĆSHUVRDQĆüL
QXVHYDSHUPLWHvQGUHSWDUHDGLUHFWĆ
DDFHVWXLDVSUHRFKLLXQHLSHUVRDQH
SHQWUXXQWLPSPDLPDUHGH
VHFXQGH
$VLJXUDĦLYĆvQWRWGHDXQDFĆIDVFLFXOXO
ODVHUHVWHvQGUHSWDWVSUHRSLHVĆ
GHOXFUXUREXVWĆIĆUĆVXSUDIHĦH
UHIOHFWRUL]DQWHGHH[HPSOXOHPQXO
VDXVXSUDIHĦHOHFXvQYHOLüGXUVXQW
DFFHSWDWH7DEODGHRĠHOUHIOHFWRUL]DQWă
OXFLRDVăúLGHVFKLVăODFXORDUHVDX
DOWHPDWHULDOHVLPLODUHQXHVWHSRWULYLWă
SHQWUXDSOLFDĠLLOHODVHUGHRDUHFHVXSUDIDĠD
UHIOHFWRUL]DQWăSRDWHGLUHFĠLRQDIDVFLFXOXOODVHU
vQDSRLFăWUHRSHUDWRU
1XvQORFXLĦLGLVSR]LWLYXOODVHUFXXQWLS
diferit. 3URGXFăWRUXOVDXXQDJHQWDXWRUL]DW
WUHEXLHVăHIHFWXH]HUHSDUDĠLLOH
$7(1ĥ,(8WLOL]DUHDDOWRUFRPHQ]LVDX
DMXVWăULGHFkWFHOHVSHFLILFDWHvQSUH]HQWXO
PDQXDOSRDWHFDX]DH[SXQHUHDODUDGLDĠLL
SHULFXORDVH
$9(57,60(17(683/,0(17$5(
35,9,1'6,*85$1ĥ$3(1758/$6(58/
'(&/$6ą
'LVSR]LWLYXOODVHUSUHYă]XWSHDFHDVWăXQHDOWă
HVWHGHFODVDFXRHPLVLHPD[LPăGHUDGLDĠLLGH
P:úLROXQJLPHGHXQGăGHQP
5$',$ĥ,,/$6(5'(&/$6ą18
35,9,ĥ,Í1635()$6&,&8/