HP 12C - Part I: Problem Solving

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File name: hp 12c pt_user's guide_English_HDPMF123E27 Page: 15 of 275

Printed Date: 2005/8/1 Dimension: 14.8 cm x 21 cm

Part I

Problem Solving

Table of Contents

Introduction3
- About this Handbook3
- Financial Calculations in the United Kingdom4
- For more Solutions to Financial Problems4
Part I: Problem Solving15
Getting Started16
- Power on and off16
  - Low-Power Indication16
  - Adjusting the Display Contrast16
- Section 1: Getting Started16
- The Keyboard16
- Simple Arithmetic Calculations in RPN Mode21
- Simple Arithmetic Calculations in ALG Mode22
- Chain Calculations in RPN Mode23
- Chain Calculations in ALG Mode26
- Parentheses Calculations26
- Storage Registers27
Percentage and Calendar Functions31
- Percentage Functions31
- Calendar Functions37
Basic Financial Functions41
- The Financial Registers41
- Simple Interest Calculations42
- Financial Calculations and the Cash Flow Diagram44
- Compound Interest Calculations49
- Amortization69
Additional Financial Functions72
- Discounted Cash Flow Analysis: NPV and IRR72
- Bond Calculations82
  - Bond Price82
  - Bond Yield83
- Depreciation Calculations84
Additional Operating Features86
- Continuous Memory86
- Section 5: Additional Operating Features87
- The Display87
- The Key in RPN Mode90
- The Key in RPN Mode91
  - Arithmetic Calculations with Constants91
  - Recovering from Errors in Digit Entry92
Statistics Functions93
- Accumulating Statistics93
- Section 6: Statistics Functions93
- Correcting Accumulated Statistics94
- Mean94
- Standard Deviation96
- Linear Estimation97
- Weighted Mean99
Mathematics and Number-Alteration Functions100
- One-Number Functions100
- The Power Function in RPN Mode102
- The Power Function in ALG Mode102
Part II: Programming103
Programming Basics104
- Creating a Program104
- Section 8: Programming Basics104
- Why Use Programs104
- Running a Program106
- Program Memory108
- Executing a Program One Line at a Time114
- Interrupting Program Execution117
  - Pausing During Program Execution117
  - Stopping Program Execution122
Branching and Looping125
- Simple Branching125
- Looping126
- Conditional Branching129
Program Editing139
- Changing the Instruction in a Program Line139
- Section 10: Program Editing139
- Adding Instructions at the End of a Program140
- Adding Instructions Within a Program142
  - Adding Instructions by Replacement142
  - Adding Instructions by Branching144
Multiple Programs149
- Section 11: Multiple Programs149
- Storing Another Program149
- Running Another Program153
Part III: Solutions155
Real Estate and Lending156
- Annual Percentage Rate Calculations with Fees156
- Section 12: Real Estate and Lending156
- Price of a Mortgage Traded at a Discount or Premium159
- Yield of a Mortgage Traded at a Discount or Premium161
- The Rent or Buy Decision163
- Deferred Annuities169
Investment Analysis171
- Partial-Year Depreciation171
- Section 13: Investment Analysis171
- Full- and Partial-Year Depreciation with Crossover184
- Excess Depreciation191
- Modified Internal Rate of Return192
- Black-Scholes Formula for Valuing European Options194
Leasing202
- Advance Payments202
- Advance Payments with Residual209
  - Solving for Payment209
  - Solving for Yield212
Savings213
- Nominal Rate Converted to Effective Rate213
- Effective Rate Converted to Nominal Rate215
- Continuous Rate Converted to Effective Rate216
Bonds217
- 30/360 Day Basis Bonds217
- Annual Coupon Bonds222
Appendices227
Appendix A: RPN and the Stack228
- Getting Numbers into the Stack: the Key229
  - Termination of Digit Entry230
  - Stack Lift230
- Rearranging Numbers in the Stack230
  - The Key230
- One-Number Functions and the Stack231
- Two-Number Functions and the Stack231
  - Mathematics Functions231
  - Percentage Functions232
- Calendar and Financial Functions233
- The LAST X Register and the Key234
- Chain Calculations in RPN Mode234
- Arithmetic Calculations with Constants235
Appendix B: Algebraic Mode (ALG)237
- Simple Arithmetic Calculations in ALG Mode237
- Keying in Negative Numbers238
- Chain Calculations in ALG Mode238
- The Key in ALG Mode239
- The History Stack in ALG Mode239
- Parentheses Calculations240
- Percentage Functions241
  - Percent Difference241
  - Percent of Total242
- The Power Function242
Appendix C: more about L243
Appendix D: Error Conditions245
- Error 0: Mathematics245
- Error 1: Storage Register Overflow246
- Error 2: Statistics246
- Error 3: IRR246
- Error 4: Memory246
- Error 5: Compound Interest247
- Error 6: Storage Registers248
- Error 7: IRR248
- Error 8: Calendar249
- Error 9: Service249
- Pr Error249
Appendix E: Formulas Used250
- Percentage250
- Interest250
  - Simple Interest250
  - Compound Interest251
- Amortization251
- Discounted Cash Flow Analysis252
  - Net Present Value252
  - Internal Rate of Return252
- Calendar252
  - Actual Day Basis252
  - 30/360 Day Basis252
- Bonds253
- Black-Scholes Formula for Valuing European Options254
- Depreciation254
- Modified Internal Rate of Return256
- Advance Payments256
- Interest Rate Conversions256
  - Finite Compounding256
  - Continuous Compounding256
- Statistics257
- The Rent or Buy Decision258
Appendix F: Battery, Warranty, and Service Information259
- Battery259
- Low-Power Indication259
  - Installing a New Battery260
- Verifying Proper Operation (Self-Tests)261
- Warranty263
- Service264
- Regulatory Information265
- Temperature Specifications266
- Noise Declaration266
- Disposal of Waste Equipment by Users in Private Household in the European Union266
Appendix G: United Kingdom Calculations267
- Mortgages267
- Annual Percentage Rate (APR) Calculations268
- Bond Calculations268
Function Key Index269
Programming Key Index272
Subject Index274

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