194  
Chapter 4  Remote Interface Reference
Frequency Modulation (FM) Commands
4
FM Commands 
FM:SOURce {INTernal|EXTernal} 
FM:SOURce? 
Select the source of the modulating signal. The function generator will 
accept an internal or external modulation source. The default is INT. 
The :SOUR? query returns “INT” or “EXT”. 
• If you select the External source, the carrier waveform is modulated 
with an external waveform. The frequency deviation is controlled 
by the ±5V signal level present on the rear-panel Modulation In 
connector. For example, if you have set the deviation to 100 kHz 
using the FM:DEV command, then a +5V signal level corresponds to a 
100 kHz increase in frequency. Lower external signal levels produce 
less deviation and negative signal levels reduce the frequency below 
the carrier frequency. 
FM:
INTernal
:FUNCtion {SINusoid|SQUare|RAMP|NRAMp|TRIangle|NOISe|USER}
:FUNCtion?
Select the shape of the modulating waveform. Used only when the 
Internal
 modulation source is selected (
FM:SOUR INT
 command). You can
 
use noise as the modulating waveshape, but you cannot use ramp, noise, 
pulse, dc, or arbitrary as the carrier waveform. The default is SIN. 
The :FUNC? query returns “SIN”, “SQU”, “RAMP”, “NRAM”, “TRI”, 
“NOIS”, or “USER”. 
• Select “SQU” for a square waveform with a 50% duty cycle. 
• Select “RAMP” for a ramp waveform with 100% symmetry.
• Select “TRI” for a ramp waveform with 50% symmetry.   
• Select “NRAM” (negative ramp) for a ramp waveform  
with 0% symmetry. 
Use the APPLy command or the equivalent FUNC, FREQ, VOLT, and 
VOLT:OFFS commands to configure the carrier waveform. 
33210A users guide.book  Page 194  Wednesday, July 16, 2008  11:16 AM