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APPENDIX C GLOSSARY
AEC
Automatic Echo Cancellation. Helps prevent audio from the remote caller being sent back via the
local microphone.
AGC
Automatic Gain Control. This is a system which automatically adjusts audio gain to keep the level
consistent.
ARC
Aspect Ratio Conversion. The process of converting an image from one aspect ratio to another using
different techniques. For example, converting 16:9 to 4:3 using scale to height.
Audio codec
The process that performs coding or decoding of a digital data stream of audio. In the case of Skype
TX, the host negotiates codec selection with the other participants as part of setting up the call.
Bandwidth
The number of bits per second that can be transmitted along a digital network giving a measure of
its performance.
Bitrate
The amount of data that can be carried from one point to another, giving a measure of the quality of
audio or video.
Color Bars
Also known as ‘broadcast bars,’ or ‘testcard.’ Color bars are an artificial electronic signal generated
to test and match outputs, such as cameras and monitors. Skype TX’s color bars are at 75%.
CPU
Central Processing Unit. Computer hardware chip that carries out the instructions of a computer
program.
Embedded audio
This refers to the audio being carried as part of an SD-SDI or HD-SDI video signal (see SDI). This
means that video and audio can be transported via the same coaxial cable.
FPS
Frames per Second. The frequency at which an imaging device produces unique consecutive images,
known as ‘frames. ‘
Maximum Transmission Unit
The size of the largest packet that the network can currently transmit.
Noise suppressor
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