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Perkins 103-09 User Manual

Perkins 103-09
80 pages
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Perkins 100 Series: 103-06/103-09/103-10
Perama: M25/M30

Questions and Answers:

Perkins 103-09 Specifications

General IconGeneral
Engine TypeDiesel
Number of Cylinders3
AspirationNaturally aspirated
Fuel SystemDirect injection
Cooling SystemLiquid-cooled

Summary

Abbreviations and Codes

Engine Build List Numbering System Explained

Explains the standard engine parts list numbering code system, including engine type, country, serial number, and year codes.

FOREWORD

Workshop Manual Content Overview

Details workshop practice notes, engine side reference, and publication information.

Safety Precautions

General Safety Guidelines

Lists fundamental safety rules for engine operation and handling.

Specific Safety Warnings

Highlights crucial warnings regarding hot components, fluids, and electrical systems.

ENGINE DIAGRAMS

Engine Photograph

Shows an external view of the Perkins engine.

Engine Cross-Sectional Views

Displays two diagrams illustrating the engine's internal structure.

SECTION I: Engine Description

General Engine Overview

Details the Perkins 100 Series engine's design and features.

Cylinder Block Assembly

Describes the cylinder block's material, crankcase, and bore honing.

Crankshaft Assembly

Details the crankshaft's material, balancing, and bearing configuration.

Camshaft Assembly

Explains the camshaft's material, hardening, and drive mechanisms.

Cylinder Head Assembly

Describes the cylinder head, valve seats, valves, and operating parts.

Pistons and Connecting Rods Assembly

Details piston material, rings, and connecting rod components.

Rocker Cover Assembly

Describes the rocker cover and its integrated features.

Gear Train Assembly

Details the gear train components and their functions.

Fuel System Assembly

Explains the fuel injection pump and lift pump.

Lubricating System Assembly

Describes the oil pump, filter, and oil distribution path.

Cooling System Assembly

Details the water pump, coolant circulation, and thermostat.

SECTION II: General Engine Data

Engine Specifications Summary

Lists key technical data for different engine models.

Recommended Engine Fluids and Lubricants

Specifies coolant, fuel, and oil types and properties.

SECTION III: Dismantling Sequence

Alternator and Cooling System Removal

Steps to remove alternator, fan, pulley, water pump, and radiator connections.

Fuel System Components Removal

Steps to remove fuel injection pipe, atomizers, and fuel lift pump.

Rocker Assembly and Cover Removal

Guide to remove rocker cover, assembly, push rods, and valve caps.

Engine Block Components Removal

Steps for removing external oil pipe, fuel lift pump, cylinder head, and tappets.

Fuel Injection Pump Removal

Detailed procedure for removing the fuel injection pump assembly.

Front Drive Components Removal

Steps for removing crank pulley, oil filter, gear cover, governor, idler gear, and oil pump.

Camshaft and Front Plate Removal

Guide to remove camshaft assembly and front end plate.

Sump and Suction System Removal

Steps to remove oil sump and suction pipe.

Piston and Connecting Rod Removal

Steps to remove connecting rod nuts, cap, piston, and rod.

Flywheel, Crankshaft, and Back Plate Removal

Guide to remove flywheel, crankshaft bearings, and back plate.

SECTION IV: Component Disassembly, Inspection, and Clearances

Rocker Arm Assembly: Disassembly and Inspection

Steps for rocker arm disassembly and checking wear.

Cylinder Head Assembly: Disassembly

Procedure for disassembling the cylinder head assembly.

Cylinder Head: Inspection - Warping and Valve Components

Checks for cylinder head warping, valve guides, stems, and head thickness.

Cylinder Head: Inspection - Valve Clearances and Seats

Checks valve-to-guide clearance, valve seat recess, and seat contact width.

Cylinder Head: Valve Seat Replacement

Procedures for replacing valve seat inserts.

Cylinder Head: Valve Lapping and Spring Checks

Lapping valve seats and inspecting valve springs.

Cylinder Head & Block Inspection

Checking combustion chamber and cylinder block top face.

Cylinder Block: Bore Inspection and Re-boring

Procedures for inspecting and re-boring cylinder bores.

Piston and Rings: Disassembly and Skirt Inspection

Steps for piston/ring disassembly and piston skirt inspection.

Piston: Oversize Usage and Gudgeon Pin Clearance

Guidelines for oversized pistons and gudgeon pin clearance.

Piston Rings: Gap and Groove Clearance Checks

Procedures for checking piston ring gaps and groove clearance.

Piston Rings: Oversize Sets and Mounting Position

Information on oversize rings and correct mounting.

Gudgeon Pin and Connecting Rod Checks

Inspecting gudgeon pin, small end bush, connecting rod distortion, and clearances.

Connecting Rod and Crankshaft Oil Clearance

How to check oil clearance using Plastigauge.

Bearing Holder and Thrust Washer Checks

Inspecting centre bearing and thrust washers for defects.

Crankshaft Bearing Assembly and Piston/Rod Reassembly

Reassembling crankshaft bearings and piston onto connecting rod.

Crankshaft Bearing Holder and Journal Checks

Reassembling and inspecting crankshaft bearing holders and journals.

Crankshaft Bush Replacement and Deflection Check

Procedures for replacing crankshaft bushes and checking shaft deflection.

Crankshaft Oil Seal Face and Journal Wear Checks

Inspecting oil seal face and checking crankshaft journal for wear.

Crankshaft Grinding and Camshaft Inspection

Specs for crankshaft grinding and checking camshaft journals/cams.

Flywheel and Ring Gear Inspection

How to inspect the flywheel and ring gear.

Camshaft Height and Timing Gear Checks

Inspecting camshaft height and timing gear backlash.

Oil Pump: Disassembly, Inspection, and Reassembly

Detailed steps for oil pump service.

Oil Filter and Thermostat Service

Construction, maintenance, and inspection of oil filter and thermostat.

Water Pump Service

Inspection and reassembly of the water pump assembly.

Fuel Filter and Feed Pump Disassembly

Steps for fuel filter and feed pump disassembly.

Radiator Inspection

How to check the radiator for leaks, fins, cap, and hoses.

Feed Pump: Diaphragm, Piston, and Body Checks

Inspecting feed pump components for damage and leaks.

Governor: Construction, Function, and Reassembly

Explains governor operation and reassembly.

Governor Functionality and Nozzle Specifications

Details governor operation and nozzle technical data.

Nozzle and Holder: Construction and Disassembly

Explains nozzle function and disassembly procedure.

Nozzle and Holder: Reassembly, Adjustment, and Spray Check

Steps for nozzle reassembly, pressure adjustment, and spray pattern check.

Air Cleaner: Service

Describes air cleaner construction and procedures for cleaning and replacement.

SECTION V: Reassembly Procedures

Pre-Assembly Precautions and Component Installation

General guidelines and steps for installing relief valve, bearings, and oil seals.

Crankshaft and Back Plate Installation

Guide to installing crankshaft bearings, holder, and back plate.

Crankshaft End Float Measurement

How to measure crankshaft end float.

Flywheel, Piston, and Connecting Rod Assembly

Steps for installing flywheel, connecting rod cap, and piston/rod assembly.

Sump and Suction System Installation

Guides for tightening sump bolts and installing suction pipe.

Front Plate and Camshaft Assembly Installation

Steps for installing front plate, camshaft, and tachometer shaft.

Idle Gear and Oil Pump Assembly Installation

Guides for installing idle gear, oil pump, and adjusting side clearance.

Timing Gear Case and Injection Pump Installation

Steps for installing timing gear case and fuel injection pump.

Fuel Injection Timing Adjustment

Procedure for correctly adjusting fuel injection timing.

Crankshaft Pulley Installation

Steps to align and install the crankshaft pulley.

Injection Timing Shim Adjustment

Details how shim thickness affects injection timing.

Piston Position vs. Crankshaft Angle

Table showing piston position relative to crankshaft angle.

Cylinder Head Installation and Tightening

Steps for installing cylinder head, measuring protrusion, and tightening.

Oil Pipe, Push Rod, Rocker Arm, and Head Cover Installation

Guides for installing oil pipe, push rods, rocker arms, and head cover.

Water Pump, Radiator Hose, and Glow Plug Installation

Steps to install water pump, hose, and glow plug.

Nozzle/Holder Assembly and Mano-Contact Installation

Guides for installing nozzle/holder and mano-contact.

Pipes and Alternator Installation

Steps to install return/injection pipes and alternator assembly.

V-Belt, Fan Pulley, and Cooling Fan Installation

Guides for installing V-belt, fan pulley, and cooling fan.

SECTION VI: Electrical Systems

Alternator Specifications and Construction

Details alternator specs and its main components.

Alternator Inspection and Performance Testing

Procedures for inspecting and testing alternator output.

Alternator Testing and Flywheel Inspection

Specific tests for alternator models and flywheel checks.

Alternator Disassembly

Step-by-step guide for disassembling the alternator.

Alternator Reassembly and Regulator Service

Guides for alternator reassembly and regulator inspection.

Starter Motor: Structure, Operation, and Specifications

Details starter motor construction, operation, and technical data.

Starter Motor: Starting Sequence, Handling, and Disassembly

Covers engine start, handling precautions, and starter disassembly.

Starter Motor: Armature and Field Coil Service

Procedures for inspecting armature and field coils.

Starter Motor: Brush, Magnetic Switch, and Troubleshooting

Checks for brushes, magnetic switch, and common starting issues.

Starter Motor: Advanced Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting engine start issues and motor behavior.

Glow Plug and Thermoswitch Specifications

Details specifications for glow plugs and thermoswitches.

Glow Plug and Thermoswitch Troubleshooting

Procedures for troubleshooting glow plugs and thermoswitches.

Oil Pressure Switch Specification

Lists specifications for the oil pressure switch.

WIRING DIAGRAMS

Perama Wiring Diagram (15A & 35A Alternators)

Shows wiring diagrams for Perama models with different alternators.

103 Series Wiring Diagram and Circuit Resistance

Wiring diagram for 103 series and circuit resistance data.

103-09/10 Wiring Diagram and Circuit Resistance

Wiring diagram for 103-09/10 series and circuit resistance data.

SECTION VII: Troubleshooting

Engine Start and Running Issues

Lists causes and remedies for engine not starting or running irregularly.

Engine Stopping and Overheating Causes

Lists causes and remedies for engine stopping and overheating.

Smoke, Charging, and Oil Lamp Issues

Troubleshooting for smoke, faulty charging, and oil pressure lamp.

Starter Motor and Fusible Link Issues

Troubleshooting for starter motor and fusible link problems.

Starter Motor: Engine Start Issues

Troubleshooting for starter motor issues.

SECTION VIII: Service Standards

Cylinder Head, Block, and Piston Standards (103-09/10)

Lists service standards for cylinder, block, and piston dimensions.

Piston Rings and Pins: Service Standards (103-09/10)

Lists service standards for piston rings and pins.

Piston Rings and Connecting Rod Standards

Lists service standards for piston ring width and rod clearances.

Crankshaft and Connecting Rod Standards

Lists service standards for crankshaft and connecting rod dimensions.

Crankshaft, Camshaft, and Valve Standards

Lists service standards for crankshaft, camshaft, and valve dimensions.

Valve Spring and Push Rod Standards

Lists service standards for valve springs and push rods.

Rocker Arm, Oil Pump, and Injection Pump Standards

Lists service standards for rocker arm, oil pump, and injection pump.

Injection Nozzle and Cooling Standards

Lists service standards for injection nozzle and cooling system.

Starter Motor, Alternator, and Regulator Standards

Lists service standards for starter motor, alternator, and regulator.

103-06 Service Standards

Cylinder Head, Block, and Piston Standards (103-06)

Lists service standards for cylinder head, block, and piston dimensions.

Piston Pin and Ring Standards (103-06)

Lists service standards for piston pins and rings.

Piston Rings and Connecting Rod Standards (103-06)

Lists service standards for piston rings and connecting rod dimensions.

Crankshaft and Connecting Rod Standards (103-06)

Lists service standards for crankshaft and connecting rod dimensions.

Crankshaft, Camshaft, and Valve Standards (103-06)

Lists service standards for crankshaft, camshaft, and valve dimensions.

Valve Spring and Push Rod Standards (103-06)

Lists service standards for valve springs and push rods.

Rocker Arm, Oil Pump, and Injection Pump Standards (103-06)

Lists service standards for rocker arm, oil pump, and injection pump.

Injection Nozzle, Cooling, Starter, Alternator, Regulator Standards (103-06)

Lists service standards for nozzle, cooling, starter, alternator, regulator.

SECTION IX: Recommended Torque Tensions

Tightening Torque Tables by Component

Provides torque values for various engine components for different models.

SECTION X: Perama Extra Service Items

Hurth Gearbox and Raw Water Pump Service

Procedures for checking gearbox oil and servicing the raw water pump.

Heat Exchanger Cleaning and Engine Preservation

Guides for cleaning heat exchanger tubes and preserving the engine.

Alternator A127 - 55 amp: Service and Fault Diagnosis

Steps for removing, fitting, maintaining, and diagnosing alternator faults.

SECTION XI: Conversion Formulas

Tightening Torque Tables

Tables for tightening torques based on screw size, thread, and grade.

Unit Conversion Tables

Tables for converting torque units like kgf-m, lbs-ft, and N.m.

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