KENR6908 9
Troubleshooting Section
Hertz (Hz) – Hertz is the measure of electrical
frequency in cy
cles per second.
Injector Codes – The injector codes or the trim
codes for the i
njectors are numeric codes or
alphanumeric codes that are etched or stamped on
individual electronic unit injectors. These codes are
used to fine tu
ne the fuel delivery.
Intake Manifold Air Temperature Sensor – Th e
intake manif
old air temperature sensor detects the
air temperature in the intake manifold. The ECM
monitors the air temperature and other data in the
intake manif
oldinordertoadjustinjectiontimingand
other performance functions.
Intake Manif
old Pressure S ensor – The intake
manifold pressure sensor measures the pressure
in the intake manifold. The pressure in the intake
manifold ma
y be different to the pressure outside
the engine (atmospheric pressure). The difference
in pressure may be caused by an increase in air
pressure b
y a turbocharger (if equipped).
J1939 CAN Data Link – ThisdatalinkisanSAE
standard t
hat is used to communicate between the
ECM and the electronic devices.
Logged Dia
gnostic Codes – Logged diagnostic
codes are codes which are stored in the memory.
These codes are meant to be an indicator of
possible
causes for intermittent faults. Refer to the
term “Diagnostic Code” in this glossary for more
information.
OEM – OEM is an abbreviation for the Original
Equipment Manufacturer. This is the manufacturer of
the mach
ine or the vehicle that uses the engine.
Open Circuit – An open circuit is a condition that is
caused b
y an o pen switch, or by an electrical wire
or a connection that is broken. When this condition
exists, the signal or the supply voltage can no longer
reach th
e intended destination.
Parameter – A parameter has a value or a limit that
may be pr
ogrammable. This helps determine specific
characteristics or behaviors of the engine.
Passwor
d–A password is a group of numeric
characters or a group of alphanumeric ch aracters
that is designed to restrict access to parameters. The
electr
onic system requires correct passwords in order
to change some parameters (Factory Passwords).
Refer to Troubleshooting, “Factory Passwords” for
more i
nformation.
Personality Module – See“FlashFile”.
Power Cycling – Power cycling happens when
power to the ECM
is cycled: ON, OFF, and ON.
Power cycling refers to the action of cycling the
keyswitch from the START/RUN position to the OFF
position and t
o the START/RUN position.
Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) – The PWM is a
signal that c
onsists of pulses that are of variable
width. These pulses occur at fixed intervals. The ratio
of “TIME ON” versus total “TIME OFF” c an be varie d.
This ratio i s
alsoreferredtoasadutycycle.
g00284479
Illustration 2
PWM signals of varying duty cycles (typical example)
Rated Fuel Limit – This is a limit that is based on
the power rating of the engine and on the engine rpm.
The rated fuel limit enables the engine power and
torque outputs to conform to the power and torque
curves of a specific engine model. These limits are in
the flash file and these limits cannot be changed.
Reference Voltage – Reference voltage is a
regulated voltage and a steady voltage that is
supplied by the ECM to a sensor. The reference
voltage is used by the sensor to generate a signal
voltage.
Relay – A relay is an electromechanical switch. A
flow of electricity in one circuit is used to control the
flow of electricity in another circuit. A small current or
voltage is applied to a relay in order to switch a much
larger current or voltage.
Sensor – A sensor is a device that is used to
detect the current value of pressure or temperature,
or mechanical movement. The information that is
detected is converted into an electrical signal.
Short Circuit – A short circuit is a condition that has
an electrical circuit that is inadvertently connected to
an undesirable point. An example of a short circuit
is a wire which rubs against a vehicle frame and
this rubbing eventually wears off the wire insulation.
Electrical contact with the frame is made and a short
circuit results.
This document has been printed from SPI². Not for Resale
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