5.3 Integration Control ______________________________________________ 123
5.3.1 Integration Operation ______________________________________________ 124
5.4 Digital Camera Operations ________________________________________ 124
5.4.1 Digital Camera Control _____________________________________________ 124
5.4.1.1 Digital Camera Binning Effects __________________________________________ 124
5.4.1.2 Digital Camera ROI Formating __________________________________________ 125
5.4.1.3 Digital Camera Exposure Controls________________________________________ 125
5.4.1.4 Digital Camera Triggering ______________________________________________ 125
5.4.1.5 Digital Camera Gain and Black Level Control _______________________________ 126
Chapter 6 COMPUTATIONS _________________________________ 128
6.1 Computational Accuracy __________________________________________ 128
6.2 Numerical Formats ______________________________________________ 128
6.3 Beam Presentation Affects Results__________________________________ 129
6.4 Manual Background Energy Nulling _________________________________ 129
6.4.1 What is Ultracal! __________________________________________________ 129
6.5 Clip Level______________________________________________________ 130
6.6 Total Energy ___________________________________________________ 130
6.7 Percent in Aperture______________________________________________ 131
6.8 Peak and Min __________________________________________________ 131
6.9 Peak Location __________________________________________________ 131
6.10 Centroid Location______________________________________________ 131
6.11 Beam Widths and Diameters _____________________________________ 132
6.11.1 D4-Sigma Method _______________________________________________ 132
6.11.2 Knife Edge Method_______________________________________________ 133
6.11.3 Percent of Energy Method _________________________________________ 134
6.11.4 Percent of Peak Method___________________________________________ 134
6.12 Elliptical beam ________________________________________________ 134
6.13 Gauss Fit ____________________________________________________ 135
6.14 Whole Beam fit equations _______________________________________ 136
6.15 X/Y or Major/Minor line fit equations ______________________________ 136
6.16 Deviation of Fit________________________________________________ 137
6.17 Correlation of Fit ______________________________________________ 137
6.18 Top Hat _____________________________________________________ 138
6.18.1 Top Hat Mean and Standard Deviation _______________________________ 139
6.18.2 Top Hat Minimum and Maximum intensities ___________________________ 139
6.19 Top Hat Factor ________________________________________________ 139
6.20 Effective Area and Effective Diameter______________________________ 141
6.21 Far-Field Divergence Angle computations___________________________ 141
6.21.1 The Focal Length Method _________________________________________ 141
6.21.2 The Far-Field Method_____________________________________________ 142
6.22 Histogram____________________________________________________ 142
6.23 Statistics_____________________________________________________ 143
6.24 Frame Averaging ______________________________________________ 144
6.25 Frame Summing_______________________________________________ 144
6.26 Gamma Correction _____________________________________________ 145
6.27 Convolution __________________________________________________ 146
Operator’s Manual LBA-PC
8
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