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9 Transformer Maintenance Guide
The transformer disconnection from an electric system causes considerable production
losses, as well as other inconveniences. For this reason, it is important to assure a
transformer operation free of faults, through a maintenance program that is well structured
and that it is faithfully carried out.
The periodic inspection helps to detect abnormal conditions of transformer and in their parts,
before the damages get upgraded.
9.1 Security
The inspection works and maintenance will be made carefully in such way that their
execution is planned in detail having in mind the security of the human life and the
equipment, therefore a series of recommendations is included for the realization of
inspection works or maintenance.
The basic rule of security is to disconnect the transformer of all the electric power sources
and ground the terminals.
To disconnect the transformer, follow the next instructions:
a) Disconnect the pad-mounted transformer electric circuit from the primary and secondary
terminals.
b) Assure that the disconnection mean is in open position. In case of using fuses, the fuses
should be retired and placed in a location not easily accessible, in such way that cannot be
accidentally reinstalled.
c) Ground the primary and secondary windings using the transformer bushings, with the
purpose of discharging any energy that could be stored in the transformer due to the
capacitances. These connection cables to ground should be retired until the whole
maintenance work concludes.
If it is necessary to work inside the tank, the internal pressure of the tank should be relieved
operating the relief valve.
Special care should be had for not to throw or to leave forgotten any tool inside the
transformer tank. Once the work has been finished, it is necessary to make sure that
everything is clear before energizing.
9.2 Maintenance Plan
To achieve a good maintenance program, it is necessary to take the inspections and repairs
register carried out to the transformer.
A preventive maintenance system is effective when the following registrations are taken:
a) An equipment log, which can be a card that contains basic transformer information, just
as serial number, location, nameplate, etc.
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