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15.§Anti-lock brake system§
ABS is designed to help prevent the wheel from locking up when hard brakes are applied while running
straight. The ABS automatically regulates brake force. Intermittently gaining gripping force and braking
force helps prevent wheel lock-up and allows stable steering control while stopping.
Brake control function is identical to that of a conventional motorcycle. The brake lever is used for the
front brake and the brake pedal for the rear brake.
Although the ABS provides stability while stopping by preventing wheel lock-up, remember the following
characteristics:
• ABS cannot compensate for adverse road conditions, misjudgement or improper application of brakes. You
must take the same care as with motorcycles not equipped with ABS.
• ABS is not designed to shorten the braking distance. On loose, uneven or downhill surfaces, the stopping
distance of a scooter’s with ABS may be longer than that of an equivalent motorcycle without ABS. Use
special caution in such areas.
• ABS will help prevent wheel lock-up during straight-up braking, but it cannot control wheel slip which may
be caused by braking during cornering. When turning a corner, it is better to limit braking to the light
application of both brakes or not to brake at all.. Reduce your speed before you get into the corner.
• The computers integrated in the ABS compare vehicle speed with wheel speed. Since non-recommended
tires can affect wheel speed, they may confuse the computers, which can extend braking distance.
CAUTION:
ABS cannot protect the rider from all possible hazards and is not a substitute for safe riding practices. Be
aware of how the ABS system operates and its limitations. It is the rider’s responsibility to ride at
appropriate speeds and manner for weather, road surface and traffic conditions.
§TCS system§
TCS uses the control unit to detect the speed of the front and rear wheels. When the motorcycle starts or
accelerates, if the speed difference between the rear wheel and the front wheel is detected to be too large,
the control unit immediately judges that the driving force is too large, and immediately reduces the torque
output of the engine by adjusting the ignition angle or cutting off the fuel, reducing the driving force, thereby
reducing the slip rate of the rear wheel.
TCS, traction control system. Its purpose is to control the output torque of the engine to avoid or reduce the
rear wheel slip when the motorcycle starts and accelerates, so as to maintain the stability of the motorcycle's
driving direction.
The driver's control of the motorcycle is essentially to control the force between the tire and the road, but the
force between the wheel and the road is limited by the adhesion characteristics between the tire and the road.
When the force between the tire and the road is close to or reaches the adhesion limit, such as when the
motorcycle starts or accelerates, if the road adhesion coefficient is small, such as snow, ice or wet muddy
roads, the driving torque of the motorcycle will often exceed the adhesion limit between the tire and the road,
resulting in excessive rear wheel slip, which not only reduces the driving performance of the motorcycle,
increases tire wear, and increases the load on the transmission system and the driver, It increases fuel
consumption and damages the controllability, stability and safety of the motorcycle. Therefore, reasonable
adjustment of the force between the motorcycle tire and the road is of great significance for improving the
active safety of the motorcycle.
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