Airplane Performance and Flight Planning Terminology
Crosswind
Velocity
is the velocity of the crosswind component for which adequate control of the airplane
during takeoff and landing is guaranteed
Usable fuel is the fuel available for flight planning
Unusable fuel is the quantity of fuel that cannot be safely used in flight
g is the acceleration of gravity
TOR is the takeoff distance measured from actual start to wheel lift off point
TOD is total takeoff distance measured from start to clearing a 50’ obstacle
GR is the distance measured during landing from actual touchdown to stop point
LD is the distance measured during landing, from clearing a 50’ obstacle to actual stop
S/R is specific range, that is, the distance (in nautical miles) which can be expected at a
specific power setting and/or flight configuration per gallon of fuel used
Weight and Balance Terminology
Datum “Reference datum” is an imaginary vertical plane from which all horizontal
distances are measured for balance purposes
Arm is the horizontal distance from the reference datum to the center of gravity
(C.G.) of an item
Moment is the product of the weight of an item multiplied by its arm
C.G. Center of Gravity is the point at which the airplane, or equipment, would
balance if suspended. Its distance from the reference datum is found by
dividing the total moment by the total weight of the airplane
Empty Weight Empty Weight is the weight of the airplane with engine fluids and oil at
operating levels
Useful Load is the difference between takeoff weight and the empty weight
Maximum Takeoff Weight is the maximum weight approved for the start of the takeoff run
Maximum Landing Weight is the maximum weight approved for the landing touch down
Tare is the weight of chocks, blocks, stands, etc. used when weighing an airplane,
and is included in the scale readings; tare is then deducted from the scale
reading to obtain the actual (net) airplane weight
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