Alstom MiCOM P54 Series - Page 447

Application Notes P54x/EN AP/La4
MiCOM P543, P544, P545 & P546
(AP) 6-3
AP
2.10 Undervoltage protection 40
2.11 Overvoltage protection 41
2.12 Compensated overvoltage protection 41
2.13 Residual overvoltage (neutral displacement) protection 42
2.13.1 Setting guidelines 44
2.14 Circuit breaker fail protection (CBF) 44
2.14.1 Breaker fail timer settings 44
2.14.2 Breaker fail undercurrent settings 44
2.15 Broken conductor detection 45
2.15.1 Setting guidelines 45
2.16 Communication between relays 46
2.16.1 Optical budgets 46
2.16.2 Clock source setting 47
2.16.3 Data rate 47
2.17 InterMiCOM
64
(“Fiber InterMiCOM”) 47
2.17.1 IMx command type 47
2.17.2 IMx fallback mode 48
3. WORKED PROTECTION EXAMPLE AND OTHER PROTECTION TIPS 49
3.1 Differential protection setting examples 49
3.1.1 Differential element 49
3.1.2 Transformer feeder examples 50
3.1.3 Teed feeder example 51
3.1.4 Three winding transformer in zone with different rated CTs example 53
3.2 Distance protection setting example 55
3.2.1 Objective 55
3.2.2 System data 56
3.2.3 Relay settings 56
3.2.4 Line impedance 56
3.2.5 Residual compensation for ground fault elements 56
3.2.6 Zone 1 phase and ground reach settings 57
3.2.7 Zone 2 phase and ground reach settings 57
3.2.8 Zone 3 phase and ground reach settings 57
3.2.9 Zone 3 reverse reach 57
3.2.10 Load avoidance 58
3.2.11 Additional settings for quadrilateral applications 58
3.2.11.1 Phase fault resistive reaches (Rph) 58
3.2.11.2 Ground fault resistive reaches (RGnd) 59
3.3 Teed feeder protection 59
3.3.1 The apparent impedance seen by the distance elements 59
3.3.2 Permissive overreach schemes 60
3.3.3 Permissive underreach schemes 60
3.3.4 Blocking schemes 61