(9) Power supply regulation boards (one or two per X1)
(10) Motherboard
(11) Filtering board
(12) Rectifiers
(13) Analog power supply transformer
1.1 Electrical characteristics
The X1 is a high grade linear power supply delivering the analog and digital DC power supplies required by a C1, D1, L1 and a P1
on high current capable M23 19-poles connector(s). Input AC voltage can be set to 100V, 115V or 230V AC to accommodate local
mains supply.
1.1.1 Mains filtering
The X1 transformer primary windings are individually filtered by massive RLC balanced networks. Both common mode and
differential harmonics and background noise get heavily attenuated. The critical analog power supplies are therefore isolated from
the noisy digital power supplies, leading to unprecedented micro-dynamics and signal-to-noise ratio.
1.1.2 Transformers
X1 houses no less than 3 magnetically shielded toroidal transformers, with static shields between primaries and secondaries:
• An overspecified transformer is dedicated to analog power supplies, holding multiple sets of secondary windings (one of
them being exclusively used generate the purest Masterclock signal)
• The second overspecified transformer is dedicated to digital power supplies, capable of delivering high current peaks
required by high performance DSPs and FPGAs, without radiating noise
• A tiny transformer is used as standby transformer to ensure green standby mode, meeting the latest energy saving
regulations
All three transformers are mounted on a separate steel plate which is isolated from the main aluminium base plate through silent
blocks.
1.1.3 Rectifying and filtering secondary windings
A large array of low ESR capacitors follows fast switching rectifier bridges on all secondary windings. This creates a proper energy
reservoir responding extremely fast to high current demands, ensuring the transformers work under minimal stress condition,
leading to less radiated noise and excellent component preservation over time.
1.1.4 Discrete regulation
Discrete (power-transistor and op-amp based) ultra low noise regulators are used throughout the regulation stages of the X1 and
special care has been paid to the Masterclock power supply, which is completely decoupled from all other power supplies. This
ensures an ultra-low jitter clock source for the whole system.
Rev 2.1 X1 User Manual 7
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