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Ford 2n series User Manual
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3. Remove front hood bolts at bottom and block up under hood. Hold up front end of
engine with jack under oil pan and unbolt axle support. Remove two bottom radiator
bolts and raise engine and radiator high enough to permit removal of axle center
pin. Remove pin, using hand crank as show in Fig. FO4.
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Table of Contents
I&T Shop Service
1
PREFACE
3
INDEX
7
CONDENSED SERVICE DATA
11
14
FRONT AXLE
15
1. The front axle is constructed in three sections and may be adjusted to vary tread width. See Figs. FO1 and FO2. Steering linkage must be readjusted on model 8N when tread width is changed. Model 2N - 9N wheel alignment is not affected by tread width adjustment.
15
SPINDLE BUSHINGS
15
2. To rebush axle spindles, first block up tractor front end and remove steering arms. Slide spindles with wheels attached, out of axle ends. Drive old bushings out of axle and install new bushings, using a piloted installing tool. New steel bushings are presized and are not reamed. Check and adjust wheel alignment, after reinstallation of axle parts removed. See Fig. FO3.
15
AXLE PIN BUSHINGS
16
3. Remove front hood bolts at bottom and block up under hood. Hold up front end of engine with jack under oil pan and unbolt axle support. Remove two bottom radiator bolts and raise engine and radiator high enough to permit removal of axle center pin. Remove pin, using hand crank as show in Fig. FO4.
16
STEERING SYSTEM
17
ADJUSTMENT & OVERHAUL
17
6. ADJUSTMENT. The steering shaft bearing may be adjusted without removing gear unit from tractor. To adjust steering shaft bearings, remove steering wheel and shaft bearing dust cover (19 – Fig. FO7). Remove locknut and lock washer (1). Adjust lower nut until end play is removed and shaft still turns freely. Install lock washer and locknut and tighten nut.
17
7. ADJUSTMENT. Before making any adjustments, disconnect both drag links at sector shaft arms. Turn steering wheel until sector arms are parallel, and both point slightly rearward. Grasp left sector arm and check gear backlash while steering wheel is held steady to prevent movement of worm. If any backlash is felt, proceed as follows:
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8. SECTOR MESH ADJUSTMENT. Remove four cap screws from left (viewed from rear of tractor) sector shaft cover Fig. FO8. Rotate cover and metal gasket counter-clockwise (viewed from left side of tractor) as far as possible by hand and reinstall cap screws in four matching holes. Recheck backlash and if none is present, proceed to adjust right sector in a similar manner, rotating right sector shaft cover clockwise to remove backlash instead of counter-clockwise. IF BOTH SECTOR ARMS NOW HAVE ZERO BACKLASH, STEERING GEAR UNIT IS COMPLETELY ADJUSTED AND WORM SHAFT END PLAY ADJUSTMENT OUTLINED IN PARAGRAPH 9 WILL NOT BE REQUIRED.
20
Adjustment is correct when pull required to rotate steering wheel through mid or straight forward position is not less than 2-1/2 or more than 6 pounds with drag links disconnected. Measure pull with a spring scale hooked to rim of steering wheel and read scale when wheel is in motion. With adjustment of right sector loosened, correct scale reading for worm shaft and left sector after adjustment is 2 to 3 pounds. When all of the backlash of LEFT sector can not be corrected by foregoing adjustment, any remaining free motion is probably due to excessive worm shaft bearing clearance. If that condition exists, rotate both sector housings opposite the directions given for backlash adjustment, to relieve load on worm shaft, and adjust worm shaft bearing clearance as outlined in next paragraph.
20
WORM SHAFT BEARING ADJUSTMENT. With both drag links disconnected from sector shaft arms, and with both sector adjustments loosened, check worm shaft bearing adjustment by pulling up and pushing down on steering wheel. If looseness is present, adjust bearings to a slight pre-load by removing a shim or shims from top face of gear housing, after first removing steering gear cover and tube assembly Fig. FO10. To clear gear assembly for removal, it will be necessary to remove hood, battery and instrument panel.
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11. OVERHAUL. Hood, battery and instrument panel must be removed before steering gear unit can be removed. After unit is cleared for removal, disconnect both drag links at steering gear arms, unbolt steering gear unit from transmission housing and lift unit off of tractor.
21
12. ADJUSTMENT. Before making any adjustments, disconnect both drag links at sector shaft arms and back off right and left side sector adjusting screws FIG. FO12A two full turns after loosening the lock nuts. Check adjustment of wormshaft bearings by pulling up and pushing down on steering wheel. If any up and down play is present, adjust to zero end play by varying the shims located at bottom of steering tube and cover. Adjustment is correct when the pull (measured at outer end of steering wheel spoke) required to keep the steering wheel in motion after it has crossed the mid or center point, is 1/2 to 1-1/2 pounds measured with a spring scale. Shims are available in thicknesses of .002, .005, .010, and .030.
22
13. SECTOR ARMS BACKLASH. Before adjusting sector mesh, make sure that wormshaft bearings are correctly adjusted as outlined in paragraph 12. Make sure that drag links are disconnected at sector shaft arms and back off right and left side sector adjusting screws (Fig. FO12A) two full turns. Turn steering wheel to mid or wheels-straight-ahead position. Now, using a screwdriver rotate the right hand sector adjusting screw (viewed from rear of tractor) until all backlash is removed from right sector arm. Correct adjustment is when 2 to 3 pounds of pull is required to maintain the steering wheel in motion through the straight ahead or mid-position, drag links disconnected and opposite sector adjustment backed off. After adjusting the right hand sector as just mentioned, repeat the procedure on the left sector. A pull of 2-1/2 to 6 pounds (measured at rim end of wheel spoke) should be required to maintain the steering wheel in motion through the mid or straight-ahead position after both of the sectors and the steering post bearings have been adjusted and drag links disconnected.
23
14. OVERHAUL. Major overhaul of gear unit necessitates the removal of the unit from the tractor as per paragraph 11. Procedure for disassembly is self-evident. Any derangement or wear in any of the components shaft and ball nut assembly (5 – Fig. FO12) is corrected by renewal of the assembly as the individual parts are not catalogued.
23
TOE-IN ADJUSTMENT
24
15. Toe-in is adjusted by varying the length of the drag links. Models 2N – 9N drag link is adjusted by disconnecting link front end, loosening lock clamp and screwing link end in or out as required. Model 8N drag links are provided with turn-buckle type adjustment and do not require disconnection. The wheels may be aligned approximately by adjusting drag links until spindle arms are centered over the radius rod to axle member bolts or the reference marks. Correct toe-in is 0 to 1/4 inch.
24
ENGINE AND COMPONENTS
27
R & R ENGINE WITH CLUTCH
27
20. The engine and clutch assembly may be removed as a unit. Drain cooling system and oil pan. Remove hood, disconnect battery ground strap and cable at starter. Disconnect distributor and generator wires and cable at front end and swing wiring out of way. Block up under transmission and support engine with a chain hoist. Disconnect radiator hoses, clutch linkage and front axle support. Disconnect front end of radius rod and mating drag link on either side, then swing axle and front end assembly away from engine. Remove cap screws holding engine to transmission housing and separate engine from housing. Reinstall engine in reverse order of removal. See Fig. FO13.
27
CYLINDER HEAD R&R
27
21. Drain cooling system, remove hood and upper radiator hose. Remove ignition cable harness and cylinder head stud nuts. Remove cylinder head and gasket. When reinstalling head, tighten center stud nut first and progress alternately to ends of head, using 50 – 55 foot pounds torque on nuts, 65 – 70 on cap screws.
27
VALVES
28
22. Inlet and exhaust valves are not interchangeable. Valves removed for grinding or refacing should be reinstalled in their original location. Valves, guides and springs are removed from the top after cylinder head and valve chamber covers are off and valve guide retainers are out.
28
EXHAUST ROTORS
29
23. Some 8N engines are equipped with free valve type exhaust valve rotators which are also available as a kit for engines not so equipped. Kit contains among other items, 8 adjustable type tappets (pushrods), 4 exhaust valves equipped with special caps and horseshoe type spring retainers as shown in Fig. FO17. Tappet clearances of .010 - .012 cold for for inlet and .014 - .016 cold for exhaust valves are same as on non-adjustable tappets, but rotator caps must be adjusted as outlined in paragraph 27.
29
VALVE SEATS
29
24. All tractors except model 2N tractors within the serial range of 86271 to 168259 are equipped with inlet and exhaust valves seats of the hardened insert type. Model 2N tractors within the preceding serial range are equipped only with exhaust valve seat inserts. If seat renewal is necessary and special equipment for that purpose is not available; inserts may be removed as follows: Drill two holes partly through insert on opposite sites using a drill smaller than insert width, then crack insert at holes and remove the two halves. Counterbore in block must be .0015 to .003, smaller than measured diameter of new seat insert. Pack new insert in dry ice for at least 15 minutes and then drive or press it in place, making certain that it is bottomed and not cocked. After insert is installed, grind the seat to 45 degrees angle using a seating stone. If a seat cutter is used, each valve should be lapped in its seat. Seat width should not exceed .125. If seat requires narrowing, use a 30 degree stone for top of seat and a 60 degree stone for the bottom.
29
VALVE GUIDES AND SPRINGS
29
25. Early production guides used in models 2N – 9N and 8N tractors prior tractor serial 42162 are made in halves, and should be kept together with the mating valve, to maintain stem to guide clearance. Later production guides used in model 8N tractors after serial 42161 are one-piece type. Valves used with two-piece guides have a stem diameter of .311; stem diameter of valves used with one-piece guides is .341. Stem to guide clearance wear limit is .005 for inlet and .006 for exhaust valves. New guides or guides with least wear should be used with inlet valves.
29
VALVE PUSH RODS (TAPPETS)
30
26. Valve pushrods (tappets) are of the barrel type. On tractors built prior to 1951, the tappets are of the non-adjustable type, later tractors are equipped with adjustable tappets. Adjustable type tappets can be installed in engines originally equipped with the non-adjustable type, and this change-over is recommended. Adjustable tappets are also included in Ford Special Equipment Kit 8N6546B which provides special exhaust valve rotators. This kit can be installed in 2N, 9N and early 8N tractors. Tappet clearances (gaps) of .010 - .012 inlet, .014 - .016 exhaust, cold, are used on both types of tappets.
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27. FREE TYPE EXHAUST VALVES. On engines with free type exhaust valve rotators (Fig. FO17) a gap or end clearance of .0002 to .004 must exist between cap and end of valve stem as shown. One method of checking this gap with valve installed in engine is show in Fig. FO19. Valve must be off its seat when making this check. If clearance is more than .004, reduce the length of cap by lapping open end of same on emery cloth laid on a flat, smooth surface. If clearance is less than .002 install new valve keys or, if keys are not work, grind end of valve stem until specified clearance is obtained. For additional data on various types of valve rotators, refer to STANDARD UNITS manual.
31
TIMING GEARS AND COVER
31
28. To remove timing gear cover, drain cooling system and remove hood and radiator. Block up under front end of engine behind axle support and remove bolts holding support in place. Disconnect front end of drag link and mating radius rod on either side of tractor and swing front end assembly away from engine as shown in Fig. FO13. Remove distributor, fan and generator on tractors prior to serial 263844; on later tractors, generator removal is not necessary. Remove hand crank jaw and crankshaft belt pulley. Remove gear cover cap screws and pull cover off engine.
31
CAMSHAFT R&R
32
29. Remove the timing gear cover as outlined in paragraph 28. Remove cylinder head and valves. Lift push rods out of bores and pull camshaft out toward front. Renew camshaft if journals are worn and measure less than 1.795 or if cams or journals are scored or corroded. Install camshaft in reverse order of removal and mesh timing gears as in Fig. FO20. Check camshaft end play by measuring clearance between rear of camshaft gear flange and boss on engine block through governor opening or after removing side gear cover as shown in Fig. FO22. If more than .004 clearance exists, use a thinner timing gear cover gasket or renew the cover. Check valve tappet clearance and respace or readjust, if necessary. For service, only the bolted-on gear type camshaft is available.
32
ROD & PISTON ASSEMBLIES
32
30. Piston and connecting rod assemblies may be removed from the top, after cylinder head and oil pan are off.
33
PISTON RINGS
33
31. Two compression rings and one oil control ring are used on each piston., Ring gap should measure .010 to .017. Top compression ring side clearance should be within the limits .0015 - .003; second ring clearance should be within limits .001 - .0025. New rings are marked to indicate top side and are installed accordingly. Counterbore must be up on top ring. Second ring is provided with an expander.
33
SLEEVES & PISTONS
33
32. Steel sleeves are removed from cylinder block with a crushing tool. Drive tool to bottom of cylinder and lift out the collapsed sleeve. Install a new sleeve using a suitable piloted arbor as shown in Fig. FO24, then check installation with a plug gauge or new piston and feeler of correct thickness. If recheck shows new sleeve was buckled during installation, it must be removed and a new one installed.
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33. Iron sleeves can be used for servicing an engine originally equipped with steel sleeves. When making this conversion, observe the following: First, measure the outside diameter of the iron sleeve, diameter of sleeve shoulder, and height of sleeve shoulder. Then, adjust the boring equipment to provide the iron sleeve with a .001 press (interference) fit in block bore. Adjust the counter-boring equipment to provide the sleeve shoulder with a .001 - .003 standout above top surface of cylinder block, and a .003 - .006 side clearance of sleeve shoulder in block counter-bore. It is suggested that .060 on the diameter be removed for the first rough cut, and approximately .035 for the second rough cut. The finish cut should be made to provide the sleeve with a .001 press fit.
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34. Pistons are either cast steel or aluminum alloy. Aluminum pistons should be installed with notch in piston head nearest the timing gear end of the engine.
36
PISTON PINS
36
35. The .750 floating piston pin is retained by spring steel lock rings, which should be renewed if they are removed for any reason. New piston pins are available in Standard size only. Pins for aluminum pistons are 2.844 long and are painted pink for identification. Pins for cast steel pistons are 2.972 long and are painted green for identification. With both piston and pin clean and at the same temperature, the pin should be a thumb push fit in piston pin bores. Pin fit in rod bushing is correct, if pin drops slowly through bushings of its own weight.
36
CONNECTING RODS AND BEARINGS
36
36. Connecting rod bearings are slip-in precision shell type, held in position by lock tabs which fit into cutouts in connecting rod and cap bore. Bearing wear is corrected by installing new bearing shells which are made to close tolerances and do not require final sizing. New inserts are available in Standard, .001, .002, .005, .007, .010, .012 and .020 undersize. Connecting rods and bearings are the same for all cylinders. Piston pin bushing in connecting rod is available in .729 Inside Diameter. Bushing oil holes, located by holes in connecting rod, are drilled after bushing is installed. Rods may be installed with oil squirt hole facing forward or backward.
36
CRANKSHAFT AND BEARINGS
36
37. The crankshaft is supported by three bearings of the non-adjustable slip-in, precision shell type. Bearing wear is corrected by installing new bearing shells without removing crankshaft. Bearing inserts are available in Standard, .001, .002, .005, .007, .010, .012 and .020 undersize and do not require final sizing. If crankshaft journals or crankpins are out-of-round more than .0015 or tapered more than .001, the shaft should be reconditioned or renewed. If journals are work evenly and not out-of-round or tapered more than mentioned, undersize bearings may be installed, providing main or rod bearing clearance does not exceed .005. Crankshaft end play is controlled by side flanges on center main bearing. On early production engines, the main bearing caps were held in place by studs and nuts; laster production engines use cap screws which can be substituted for studs on engines not so equipped.
36
CRANKSHAFT OIL SEALS
37
38. Front and rear crankshaft oil seals are two piece, moulded packing ring type. Renewal of upper halves requires removal of crankshaft. Front and real lower seals are mounted in oil pan and may be lifted out when pan is off. Soak new seals in oil for 2 hours before installation.
37
FLYWHEEL
37
39. Flywheel may be removed after clutch is out, using a suitable puller or by tapping with a soft face hammer. Two dowels are installed in crankshaft flange to located the flywheel. Flywheel runout should not exceed .005 and is checked at rear face of flywheel, 1/4 inch in from the beveled edge. The ring gear may be renewed by the conventional heating and expansion method after flywheel is off. The clutch friction surface of flywheel may be resurfaced if it is scored or grooved, providing the thickness of flywheel, measured between friction surface and mounting flange surface, is not reduced to less than .855. Tighten flywheel self-locking cap screws to 75 – 80 foot pounds.
37
FLYWHEEL TIMING MARKS
37
OIL PAN
37
40. The cast iron oil pan also forms part of the tractor frame to which the front axle support is bolted. The oil pump screen is a part of the oil pan drain plug and may be cleaned after plug is removed.
37
OIL PUMP
38
41. Oil pump body is part of front main bearing cap and can be removed after oil pan is off. Pump is gear type and is driven by crankshaft timing gear Fig. FO25. Pump pressure is regulated by a spring loaded plunger type by-pass valve, located on top left side of gear cover as shown in Fig. FO26.
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42. The carburetor is a Marvel-Schebler up draft type and is provided with throttle and choke controls located on steering column and instrument panel respectively. A removable fuel strainer is provided as a part of fuel inlet elbow on carburetor. Make sure that packing in drain hole at bottom of carburetor is in place or dirt and dust will be drawn into the system. Float setting is 9/32 inch from nearest face of float to gasket face of throttle body.
41
GOVERNOR
43
43. The governor, shown in Fig. FO-28 is a variable speed, ball type, driven by engine timing gears and interconnected with the throttle linkage and carburetor throttle valve. Splash lubrication is provided from timing gear case and it is important that the large oil passage opening in governor ball bearing carrier plate, to be installed at top or up position to assure proper lubrication. Further lubrication is provided by an oil line which connects between rear of governor housing and oil filter as shown in Fig. FO29. Early model tractors were not provided with this oil line but service parts are available to permit this approved modernization.
43
44. ADJUSTMENT. The governor spring (2 – Fig. FO28) should be a snug bit but should have no end play and no pre-load. Spring may be adjusted by bending the loop on the spring with pliers. Check engine speed at Power Take-Off shaft or belt pulley, after engine is warmed up. Correct governed speed with hand throttle lever in last quadrant notch or wide open is 727 to 800 PTO shaft rpm, 2000 to 2200 engine rpm or 1358 to 1494 belt pulley rpm.
43
45. OVERHAUL. Remove governor from engine. Remove flyball unit, shaft and driven gear assembly (Fig. FO-32) from governor body after removing base screw. Remove spring clip and disassemble shaft and flyball parts. Examine balls and renew if they have flat spots, pits or are excessively worn. Inner surface of cone shaped upper race should be smooth and even. If grooved or pitted, renew race. Check condition of fork base and thrust bearing, drive shaft bearing and driven gear. Renew worn or damaged parts and reassemble unit.
44
REMOVE WATER PUMP
47
46. To remove pump, drain cooling system and remove fan belt. Remove four cap screws holding fan and move fan assembly toward radiator core to clear the pump. Disconnect lower radiator hose. Remove cap screws and stud nuts and remove pump assembly from engine.
47
47. To disassemble pump, remove back cover plate and press fan pulley (5 – Fig. FO39) off shaft and bearing assembly (4) using a suitable puller. Remove bearing retainer snap ring from front of pump body and press shaft and bearing assembly forward and out of impeller and impeller pump body. Remove snap ring from impeller, then composition seal washer, spring retainer and spring from impeller hub. Renew worn or damaged parts including bushing (3) in pump body. The bushing must be flat over its entire face area and square within .001 to provide a satisfactory sealing surface. Bushing face may be resurfaced if not worn or grooved enough to require renewal. Reassemble parts as shown and reinstall pump.
47
48. To disassemble pump, remove lock ring (1 – Fig. FO40) and rear cover plate and pull (don't drive) off pulley (2). Extract bearing snap ring (4) and press shaft and bearing (3), seal (6) and impeller (7) assembly out of pump. Press impeller off shaft and remove seal (6) and slinger washer (5). Renew worn or damaged parts, reassemble parts as shown with impeller approximately 1/32 inch below surface of housing.
47
THERMOSTAT
48
49. A thermostat is located in the upper radiator hose. Thermostat starts to open at approximately 160 degrees and is fully open at approximately 195 degrees Fahrenheit. See Fig. FO41.
48
ELECTRICAL AND IGNITION SYSTEM
49
GENERATOR AND REGULATOR
49
50. A two brush 6 volt generator part 8N10000B provided with an external vibrating type voltage regulator replaces the older 3 brush unit 9N10000C, 2N10000 and two brush 8N10000A unit used prior to tractor serial 8N263,844. Generator used on 8N tractors after 263,843 is 8N10001.
49
51. The cut-out relay 8N10505B used with 3 brush generators should be adjusted to a closing voltage of 7.0 – 8.5. Opening voltage should be 1/2 to 1-1/2 volts less than the closing voltage or 6 amperes maximum reverse current at 6 volts minimum.
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52. The combined cut-out relay and voltage regulator assemblies 8N10505, 8N10505A and 8N10505B used on 2 brush mounted generators have a cut-out unit and a voltage regulator on the same base. The cut-out relay unit of this assembly should be adjusted to the specifications listed in paragraph 51. The vibrating voltage regulating unit settings should be 6.9 – 7.4 volts with generator at normal operating temperature and generator current of 5 amperes. With generator current of 20 amperes the voltage should not exceed 6.8 volts.
49
STARTER MOTOR & SWITCH
51
53. Ford 6 volt starter and Bendix drive assembly 8N11001 replaces the 9N1101, 9N1102 and 8N1102 assemblies used prior to 1950 production. The 8N11001 starter should have a current draw of: 46-50 amperes @ 5 volts running at no load or 100-150 amperes when cranking a warm engine.
51
BATTERY IGNITION
51
54. On 2N, 9N and 8N tractors prior to serial 263844 the Ford 9N12100 battery ignition distributor is mounted on the front face of the timing gear cover directly in line with camshaft. Refer to Fig. FO44. In these installations the front end of the camshaft is slotted to receive a mating tang on the drive end of the distributor shaft. Spark timing at speeds above idling is controlled by a centrifugal governor built into the distributor. Full automatic spark advance is 24 crankshaft degrees, 12 distributor degrees @ 2000 engine rpm. Recommended contact gap is .015 or a dwell of 35-38 degrees. The Ford 91A12300 condenser is of .29-.32 mfd capacity and should have an insulation resistance of 5 megohms @ 210° F.
51
55. TIMING TO ENGINE. Adjust breaker contacts to .015 gap by loosening the two hold-down screws (Fig. FO44) and turning the eccentric screw. Place a scale against the tang on the wide side of the distributor shaft as shown in Fig. FO45 then rotate the shaft until the scale is 1/4 inch from the near edge of the small mounting hole as shown. With shaft in this position, the contacts should be just starting to open. Move the adjustment plate on the left side of the distributor down to advance the timing, up to retard the timing. If proper timing is not obtained on the first attempt, turn shaft backward ½ turn to eliminate backlash, then repeat the check.
52
56. Recommended static timing is top center which will be automatically obtained regardless of crankshaft position when the distributor is installed to the engine providing that the basic timing of the distributor was correctly set at ¼ inch as outlined in the preceding paragraph. Recommended running timing full advanced is 24 flywheel degrees before TC when engine is running at 2000 rpm or higher. Any changes in the timing to accommodate different fuels are accomplished by changing the basic timing, that is by moving the adjustment plate on the left side of the distributor housing.
52
57. DISTRIBUTOR OVERHAUL. Disconnect ignition coil primary wire and four spark plug cables at distributor. Unsnap coil retainer bail and distributor cap clips and remove coil and cap. Remove two cap screws holding distributor housing to engine and remove distributor unit.
52
58. After tractor serial 263843, model 8N tractors are equipped with angle mounted Ford distributor 8N12127A or B. Refer to Fig. FO46. The unit is driven by a replaceable gear on the front end of the camshaft and is mounted on top of the timing gear cover. Spark timing at speeds above 400 rpm is controlled by a centrifugal governor built into the distributor. Recommended contact gap is .025. Breaker arm spring tension should be 17-20 ounces. Governor advance curve is tabulated below:
53
59. TIMING TO ENGINE. The flywheel of production engines equipped with angle drive distributors is stamped with a “O” mark indicating top center position and with additional stamped lines from one to 20 degrees in one degree increments. These marks appear in two places on the flywheel, 180 degrees apart. The degree lines index with a pointer at the flywheel inspection port located on the right side of engine.
54
60. DISTRIBUTOR OVERHAUL. Procedure for overhaul of the distributor is conventional. When the running clearance of distributor shaft exceeds .006, renew the distributor base bushing or the shaft and bushing.
55
MAGNETO IGNITION SYSTEM
55
61. Some model 2N tractors are equipped with magneto ignition systems. A Fairbanks-Morse FM-J4B73 magneto is used and is driven by the camshaft through a magneto drive adapter as shown in Fig. FO47. Refer to Standard Units manual for detailed overhaul and test information on magnetos.
55
62. MAGNETO TIMING. The magneto mounting flange and mating adapter flange are provided with slotted holes to permit timing adjustment. The magneto uses an impulse coupling with a 15 degree lag angle, which automatically advances spark timing that amount when the engine starts to run. For timing purposes, the impulse coupling should trip when number one piston is at top dead center of compression stroke.
55
CLUTCH
57
ADJUSTMENT
57
63. Free travel of models 2N-9N clutch pedal should be 3/16 inch and for model 8N 3/4 inch. To adjust pedal clearance on models 2N-9N, remove clutch rod clevis pin as shown in Fig. FO48 and screw clevis pin in or out as required and reconnect. Early model 8N tractors have an adjustment screw which is part of clutch pedal as shown in Fig. FO49. Later 8N tractors have a rod linkage system with a clevis adjustment.
57
REMOVE AND REINSTALL
57
64. Remove hood and block up tractor under transmission case. Support rear end of engine on a wheeled jack. Disconnect both radius rods and drag links at rear ends. Disconnect battery, starter, generator and ignition wires or cables. Disconnect throttle and choke controls, oil pressure gauge line at cylinder block, air inlet tube at carburetor and exhaust pipe at manifold. Remove bolts holding transmission case to engine and separate engine and transmission as shown in Fig. FO50.
57
65. Block up tractor under transmission case and support rear end of engine on a wheeled jack. Remove storage battery. Disconnect throttle linkage, starter wire at foot button, air inlet tube at carburetor and oil pressure gauge line at cylinder block. Remove cap screws holding steering gear housing, raise gear housing slightly to clear transmission and block up between gear housing and flywheel housing. Disconnect radius rods at rear ends and remove bolts holding engine and transmission case together. Separate engine and transmission.
58
66. With clutch assembly accessible, mark clutch cover and flywheel to assure correct balance when reinstalling. Force clutch release levers inward and insert wooden wedges between levers and cover as show in Fig. FO51. Unscrew cap screws holding clutch to flywheel and remove clutch cover and lined plate. Renew release and pilot bearings if necessary. Before reinstalling clutch to flywheel lubricate pilot bearing with short fiber high melting point type grease. A short dummy clutch shaft or aligning tool is used as shown when reinstalling clutch. Install thick side of lined plate hub away from flywheel. When clutch cover is overhauled check lever settings as for Long 9C clutches as outlined in Standard Units Manual. For renewal of clutch shaft refer to main Drive Gear in Transmission section.
58
TRANSMISSION
61
REMOVAL
61
70. Drain transmission and remove power take-off shaft. Split front section of tractor as outlined in paragraphs 64 or 65.
61
OVERHAUL
61
71. SHIFTER RAILS AND FORKS. Rails and forks may be removed without performing a front section split after steering gear is off and rear section is separated from transmission case as outlined in paragraph 70A. Remove gear shifter rail lock plate (10 – Fig. FO52). Pull shifter rails (11) out rearward and remove forks (13 & 14) being careful not to lose detent balls and springs (12 & 15). Renew worn or damaged parts and reinstall in reverse order of disassembly.
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72. MAINSHAFT. After transmission is removed from tractor as outlined in paragraphs 70 and 70A and shifter rails and forks are out proceed as follows:
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73. Install mainshaft and adjust bearings by varying the number of shims under rear bearing retainer. When bearings are correctly adjusted and sliding gears are in neutral position, 15 to 30 inch pounds torque will be required to turn mainshaft at rear or output end. The torque test is made with bearings dry and is measured after shaft has started to turn. The test torque is not intended to cover torque necessary to stat shaft rotating from a stationary position.
61
74. MAIN DRIVE GEAR (Clutch Shaft). This gearshaft (5) may be removed after transmission and engine are separated (as in paragraph 64) and steering gear housing is off without disturbing other transmission parts. However, if bearing adjustment is required, it will be necessary to perform the rear section split (as in paragraph 70A) to gain access to the mainshaft bearing shims 912) which control the adjustment. Remove main drive gear and shaft (5) and bearing retainer (1). Renew worn or damaged parts and reassemble shaft and retainer carefully to prevent damage to oil seal (2) in retainer. Oil seal is installed with seal lip toward rear. Reinstall shaft assembly and check bearing adjustment as described for Mainshaft.
63
75. COUNTERSHAFT. This shaft (20) may be removed after mainshaft is out and before reverse idler gear is removed. Remove power take-off shifter and bearing support as shown in Fig. FO56 and remove shifter clutch hub from end of countershaft. Remove countershaft and gear assembly. Renew worn or damaged parts and reassemble as shown. Reinstall countershaft and adjust bearings by means of shims(23-Fig. FO56) to obtain zero end play or 15-30 inch pounds torque to rotate shaft. Countershaft may be turned for checking bearings by inserting PTO shaft in shifter unit and rotating the unit.
63
76. REVERSE IDLER GEAR. May be removed after countershaft is out. Unscrew idler shaft lockpin (26-Fig. FO55) located on outer left side of transmission housing and remove idler shaft and gear (27 & 25). Rebush gear or renew gear and shaft and reinstall with beveled gear face toward rear of transmission.
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77. SHIFTER RAILS AND FORKS. Rails and forks may be removed without performing a front section split, after transmission cover and gear shift lever assembly are off and rear section is separated from transmission case as outlined in paragraph 70A. Lift out top shifter rail spring and detent ball (7-Fig. FO57) back off shifter fork lock screw (27) and remove shifter rail and fork. Remove shift plate pivot screws (13) from both sides of transmission housing and remove shift plates. Remove both lower shift rails and forks through top opening after detent springs and balls are out.
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78. MAINSHAFT. After transmission is removed as outlined in paragraphs 70 and 70A and top shifter rail and fork are out, proceed as follows: Remove mainshaft rear bearing retainer (9-Fig. FO57) and shims. Remove clutch shaft (main drive gear) and retainer (R) as a unit. Remove the reverse idler shaft shift rail, allowing fork to remain in housing. Lift out the mainshaft and gear cluster as a unit. Renew worn or damaged parts and reinstall shaft and gears, assembling in order shown in Fig. FO59. Move shifter forks to neutral position and check mainshaft bearing adjustment.
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79. MAIN DRIVE GEAR (Clutch Shaft). This gearshaft (1-Fig. FO57) may be removed after transmission and engine are separated (as in paragraph 65). However, if bearing adjustment is required it will be necessary to perform the rear section split (as in paragraph 70A) to gain access to the mainshaft bearing shims (S) which control the adjustment. Remove gearshaft and retainer (R) as a unit. Renew worn or damaged parts and reassemble shaft and retainer carefully to prevent damage to the oil seal in the retainer. Lip of oil seal should face towards rear. After shaft is reinstalled check bearing adjustment and if necessary readjust as outlined in paragraph 78A.
67
80. COUNTERSHAFT. This shaft (11-Fig. FO57) may be removed after mainshaft is out but before reverse idler gear is removed. Remove power take-off shifter and bearing support and remove shifter clutch hub from rear end of countershaft. Remove countershaft and gear assembly through cover opening in top of transmission housing. Renew work or damaged parts and reassemble as shown in Fig. FO62. Reinstall the assembly and adjust bearings by means of shims (7135) to obtain zero end play or 15-30 inch pounds torque with shaft in motion and mainshaft removed from transmission. If tested with mainshaft installed, turning torque will be 30-60 inch pounds. Shaft should be rotated for checking bearing adjustment by inserting PTO shaft in shifter unit and engaging the jaw clutch.
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81. REVERSE IDLER GEAR. May be removed after countershaft is out. Pull idler shaft out toward rear and lift out gears. Rebush gears or renew parts if necessary and reinstall, assembling as shown in Fig. FO36.
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DIFFERENTIAL, BEVEL GEARS & REAR AXLE
73
DIFFERENTIAL
73
84. REMOVAL. Drain housing and block up under center center axle housing to raise rear wheels. Remove left rear wheel. Unbolt left axle housing assembly from center housing and pull assembly off tractor with axle shaft as a unit, supporting it with a lift or wheeled jack. Lift out differential assembly, made accessible by removal of axle housing.
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85. OVERHAUL. Remove differential assembly as described in paragraph 84. Remove eight differential case bolts and separate the two case halves. See Fig. FO65. Remove spider, differential pinions and thrust washers. Check differential bearings and renew if required. If bearing cups are to be renewed, both axle housing must be off the transmission and shafts removed from housings to clear bearing cups for removal. Differential case and main drive bevel gear are riveted together and are usually renewed as an assembled unit. However, if a new drive gear is installed on an old case, the case must be checked for trueness before riveting drive gear in place. After riveting is complete, check trueness of assembled unit. Renew worn parts and reassemble differential. Align the matching numbers stamped on differential case when assembling and lock case bolts with wire.
74
MAIN DRIVE BEVEL GEARS
75
86. BEVEL PINION. To remove main drive bevel pinion, first separate rear axle center housing from transmission a outlined in paragraph 70A and remove hydraulic power lift and pump units. Unscrew six mounting cap screws (6-Fig. FO67) and move pinion and bearing carrier out toward front, using a suitable puller. Disassemble pinion and bearing assembly and renew worn or damaged parts. Reassemble pinion and bearings and adjust bearings as shown in Fig. FO66 until a torque of 12 to 16 inch pounds is required to turn pinion. After adjustment, bend tabs on lockwasher to secure shaft nuts. If rear pinion bearing is to be renewed, differential unit must be removed to provide necessary clearance.
75
87. BEVEL RING GEAR. To remove bevel ring gear from tractor remove the differential unit as outlined in paragraph 84. To renew the ring gear follow the appropriate portions of the procedure outlined in paragraph Error: Reference source not found.
75
ADJUST AXLE BEARINGS
75
88. SHAFT BEARING ADJUSTMENT. To check axle shaft bearing adjustment, jack up tractor and remove wheel and tire assemblies. Rotate either shaft and observe whether opposite shaft rotates in same or in opposite direction. If both shafts revolve in the same direction, bearings are adjusted too tightly.
75
RENEW AXLE BEARINGS
76
89. WHEEL AXLE SHAFT & BEARINGS. Jack up rear end of tractor and remove rear wheel and tire assembly. Remove bearing retainer stud nuts as shown in Fig. FO69, and pull shaft and brake assembly out of axle housing. Lift off brake and backing plate assembly to expose bearing retainer collar.
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90. WHEEL AXLE SHAFT AND BEARINGS. Jack up rear end of tractor and remove the rear wheel and tire assembly. Remove brake drum as shown in Fig. FO71 and use a suitable puller to remove wheel hub. Remove bearing retainer stud nuts and pull retainer and brake assembly off axle housing. Pull axle shaft out of axle housing. Wheel axle shaft bearings can be renewed at this time. Reinstall parts in reverse order of removal. Adjust wheel bearings as outlined in paragraph 88A. Tighten axle shaft nut using 450 foot pounds torque and install lock ring. Refer also to Fig. FO-70.
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BRAKE SYSTEM
79
ADJUSTMENT
79
91. To adjust brake shoes, jack up rear wheels and turn adjusting stem shown in Fig. FO72 clockwise, until wheel no longer can be turned by hand and then back off adjusting stem until rear wheel again turns freely. Adjust both brakes equally.
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92. Jack up rear wheels, remove adjusting screw cover and turn notched adjuster screw counter-clockwise, until wheel no longer can be turned by hand. See Fig. FO73. Then back off adjuster until only a slight drag is felt. Adjust left brake clevis to equalize brake pedals.
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R&R SHOES
79
93. Jack up rear end of tractor and remove rear wheels. Remove bearing retainer stud nuts and pull brake assembly and axle shaft out of axle housing. Lift brake backing plate off bearing retainer studs and remove brake shoe retracting springs and shoes. Reinstall brakes and adjust as described in paragraph 91. Refer to Fig. FO69.
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94. Jack up rear end of tractor and remove rear wheels. Remove four brake drum screws and pull drum off shaft (Fig. FO71). Remove brake shoe retracting springs and shoes. Reinstall brakes, noting that two brake shoe retracting springs are used on left brake and only one on right brake.
79
POWER TAKE-OFF UNIT
81
EXTERNAL SHAFT
81
95. To remove and overhaul PTO shaft, first remove four cap screws holding shaft bearing retainer to center axle housing and pull shaft and retainer assembly out of housing. Disassemble by removing bearing lock rings or screw collars and renew worn or damaged parts. Shrunk on bearing retainer sleeve must be broken to permit bearing renewal. New sleeve must be heated to facilitate installation and insure a tight shrink fit. Refer to Figs. FO74 and FO76.
81
82
SHIFTER UNIT
83
96. To remove the shifter and shaft front bearing unit from the tractor, detach the center housing from the rear of the transmission housing as outlined in paragraph 70A or remove the hydraulic lift cover assembly from the center housing. Remove the cap screws retaining the unit to the rear wall of the transmission housing Fig. FO56. Procedure for overhaul is self-evident after examining the unit or the components as shown in Fig. FO75.
83
BELT PULLEY UNIT
85
R&R & OVERHAUL
85
97. Removal of unit requires removal of four cap screws which hold unit to rear axle center housing. To reinstall, engage splines on PTO shaft and belt pulley unit and install four cap screws after locating unit in desired operating position.
85
HYDRAULIC LIFT SYSTEM
87
ADJUSTMENTS
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99. QUADRANT. To check quadrant adjustment place an implement (or a weight of 200-300 pounds) on the lift arms and move the touch control lever downward. The lift arms should start to lower when the touch control lever reaches a point 2-5/8 to 2-3/4 inches down from the top position. If lift arms start moving before or after the specified lever position, loosen the 4 quadrant attaching screws (Q-Fig. FO78) and move quadrant toward front or rear as required.
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100. CONTROL SPRING. To check control spring adjustment place lift in UP position and using a thumb-and-two-finger grip, note if spring can be rotated as shown in Fig. FO79. If spring cannot be rotated or if it has any end play adjust by turning the threaded yoke as shown.
88
101. QUADRANT. To check the quadrant adjustment first remove the inspection plate from the left side of the axle center housing and disengage the position control lever (62-Fig. FO78) (smaller lever of the two) on the lift cover by moving it forward to the down position. While slowly moving the touch control lever (larger lever of the two) toward top of quadrant with the right hand, use the left hand to determine when the valve control leer (38-Fig. FO80) contacts the pump housing. If the quadrant position is correct, valve lever (38) will first contact the pump housing at point A, just as the touch control lever reaches its full UP position on the quadrant.
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102. CONTROL SPRING. Check and adjust implement control spring in same manner as for models 2N and 9N as per paragraph 100.
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103. CONSTANT DRAFT SPRING. To adjust constant draft spring mount the lift cover assembly in a vise with control spring up as shown in Fig. FO81. Disengage the position control lever (62) by moving it to the forward down position. Measure the length of the constant draft control spring (78) which should be 3-9/16 plus or minus 1/64 inch. If spring is not within these limits adjust to 3-9/16 by means of adjusting nut (81).
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104. POSITION CONTROL SPRING. To adjust the position control spring, mount lift cover assembly n a vise as shown in Fig. FO82, and engage the position control lever (62) by moving it to the UP position. Move the touch control lever down until there is a gap “D” of ¾ inch between edge of lever and top of slot as shown. Raise the lift arms to their top operating position as indicated by marks (R) being in register. Make sure that the control arm (84) moves freely.
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LIFT COVER ASSEMBLY
90
105. R&R COVER FROM TRACTOR. To remove lift cover unit from tractor, first remove the tractor seat and the inspection plate from left side of axle center housing as shown in Fig. FO83. Working through the inspection cover opening spread the hand lift control fork (53-Fig. FO84) until lower ends of same are released from the pump control valve (11). Disconnect the leveling rods from the lift arms. Remove the pin from the lift rocker (106). Remove approximately 14 cap screws retaining cover unit to center housing and lift the assembly off the housing. After reinstalling cover adjust the quadrant and control spring as outlined in paragraphs 99 and 100.
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106. DISASSEMBLE AND OVERHAUL. Procedure for disassembly of the lift cover assembly is self evident by an examination of the unit and reference to Fig. FO85. The general order of disassembly is the ram cylinder (50), control spring (42), lift control fork and spring control fork (53). Remove cap screws retaining one lift arm (59) to lift shaft (45); then bump end of lift shaft which will remove lift shaft ram arm (46) and one lift shaft bushing (60). Push other bushing from housing. Remove hand control quadrant (56) and attached parts.
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107. Clean all parts in an approved solvent being sure to remove all gum, carbon or varnish from the surfaces. Renew any worn corroded or scratched parts. Clearance of piston (48) in ram cylinder (50) should be not less than .0012 and not more than .0025. Bushing (60) are presized and if carefully installed will require no final sizing after installation. Check linkage for being bent or twisted and renew such damaged parts.
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108. Reassemble the unit by reversing the disassembly procedure. When reinstalling lift arms tighten the retaining cap screws until arm shaft binds, then loosen screws until arms can be raised and lowered freely. After reinstalling unit to tractor adjust the control spring and quadrant as in paragraphs 99 and 100.
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109. R & R COVER FROM TRACTOR. To remove lift cover unit from tractor first remove the tractor seat and the pin from the main control spring yoke (41-Fig. FO78). Disconnect lift arms from leveling arms by removing cotter pins and clevis pins. Move the touch control lever (57) (larger of two levers) to the down position and the position control lever (62) (smaller lever) to the disengaged (down) position. Place the lift arms in the down position. Remove approximately 14 cap screws retaining lift cover to axle center housing and carefully lift the unit off the tractor. After installing cover adjust the quadrant and main control spring as outline in paragraphs 100 and 101.
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92
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110. DISASSEMBLE AND OVERHAUL. Procedure for disassembly of the lift cover assembly is self evident by an examination of the unit and reference to Figs. FO86, FO87, FO88, FO89, FO90 and FO91. The general order of disassembly is the ram cylinder (50), piston connecting rod (47), touch control lever (57), linkage for constant draft control rod (73), position control lever, and linkage, quadrant, control arm, lift arms (59), lift arms shaft (45) and bushings (60).
97
TROUBLESHOOTING
97
112. IMPLEMENT WILL NOT LIFT. If with pump drive engaged and engine running the implement will not lift, look for (a) stuck control valve, (b) cracked cylinder, (c) leaking high pressure tube connecting pump to cylinder in lift cover, (d) pump check valve not functioning, (e) relief valve not seating, and/or (f) defective pump.
97
PUMP R&R AND TEST
99
114. TEST PUMP. To check pump operating pressure when pump is installed, proceed as follows: Remove hexagon head (1/2 x 20) cap screw (14-Fig. FO92) located at right hand corner of pump base and in its place connect a pressure gauge of not less than 1700 and not more than 2500 psi capacity. With the lift arms secured in the full lowered position or weighted to prevent lifting, move the touch control lever to the top position on the quadrant. The relief valve should open at a gauge pressure of not less than 1600 psi.
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115. R&R PUMP FROM TRACTOR. To remove the pump, first drain the rear axle center housing and the pump. Remove the PTO shaft as outlined in paragraph 95. Remove inspection port cover and PTO shift lever cover from right and left sides of rear axle center housing. On the 8N models, remove the cap screws retaining the pump to the center housing and withdraw the pump. On models 2N and 9N disconnect the fork (53-Fig. FO84) from the control valve (11) by spreading fork slightly; then remove the pump retaining cap screws and withdraw the pump.
100
PUMP OVERHAUL
102
116. DISASSEMBLE AND OVERHAUL. Procedure for disassembling the pump is self evident after examining the actual unit and by referring to Fig. FO92. When removing the rocker lever (38) hold the control valve (29) in position with one hand to avoid the control valve flying. Order of disassembly is relief valve (30), valve rocker lever (38), intake control valve (29), exhaust control valve (34), both valve chambers (C), cam (15) and piston (17) assembly, PTO shaft bushing (18), and disassemble the valve chambers (C).
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117. INTAKE CONTROL VALVE. Intake control valve (29-Fig. FO92) is available in 3 diameters to permit obtaining a free but minimum-clearance-fit of the valve in the bushing (24). When checking the fit, valve and the bushing should be coated with hydraulic oil which is the same lubricant used in the transmission. Obtain minimum clearance by selection from the available valves:
102
118. EXHAUST CONTROL VALVE. Exhaust control valve (34-Fig. FO94) and its bushings (B) in the pump base should be free of scratches. Valve should move freely in bushing but should have minimum clearance when checked with the recommended transmission oil on the valve and bushing. Exhaust valve is available in 5 diameters as follows:
103
119. SAFETY AND CHECK VALVE UNIT. A check valve (32-Fig. FO94) is combined with the safety (relief) valve (30) mounted in the pump base. The safety valve is factory adjusted to unseat at a minimum pressure of 1600 psi. if any parts of this valve are worn or broken or show signs of leakage, install a new valve unit.
103
120. INLET AND OUTLET VALVES. Inlet and outlet valves (5 and 7-Fig. FO92) are contained in each of the valve chamber covers. If inspection indicates valves are not seating perfectly same can be reseated using special Ford reseater as shown in Fig. FO97 and the valves can be refaced. If valves leak after this work has been accomplished, make sure that guides (8) and sockets (9) are aligned to give concentric seating and that they are in good mechanical condition.
104
121. PTO SHAFT BUSHINGS. Busing (18-Fig. FO94) which supports the PTO shaft should have a running clearance of not less than .0015 and not more than .006. Renew the bushing if scored or if clearance exceeds .006.
104
122. SCOTCH YOKES & CYLINDERS. The Scotch yokes (17-Fig. FO94) which form the pistons and the large bores in the chamber covers which form the cylinders of the pump should be inspected for scratching, wear, etc. Correction of any non-standard condition is by renewing the parts. When assembling yokes (pistons), position them so that the piston portions are closest to each other.
104
124. DISASSEMBLE AND OVERHAUL. Procedure for disassembling the pump used on models 2N and 9N is self evident after examining the pump and referring to Fig. FO95. This pump differs from the unit used on the 8N tractors mainly in that it is equipped with a single control valve (11) instead of an inlet and an exhaust control valve. The single control valve is T shaped and is operated by the control fork, whereas on the pumps used on 8N tractors the control valves are operated by
104
125. PUMP VALVE. This pump valve (11-Fig. FO95) which takes the place of the intake and exhaust control valves on the 8N tractors is available in only one diameter. It should be a minimum-clearance-free-fit in the bushing (B). Bushing (B_ is available in oversizes of .010 and .020 on the outside diameter.
105
126. SAFETY AND CHECK VALVE UNIT. The check valve portion (CV-Fig. FO95) of this assembly is exactly the same as the check valve used in pumps for model 8N tractors. If inspection shows that check valve has been leaking, check for irregularities of the seat surface in the pump base. Seat can be recut by using special Ford reseating tool or equivalent as shown in Fig. FO96. Leakage signs on valve can be corrected by renewal of valve followed by light lapping if necessary.
105
127. INLET AND OUTLET VALVES. Inlet and outlet valves (5 and 7-Fig. FO95) are identical to the similar parts used in the 8N tractors. Valves can be reseated by using special Ford reseater as shown in Fig. FO97 and the valves can be refaced. Be sure guides and sockets (8 and 9) are aligned to give concentric seating and that they are in good mechanical condition.
105
128. PTO SHAFT BUSHING. Bushing (18-Fig. FO95) is identical with bushing used in model 8N tractors and is serviced in the same manner as outlined in paragraph 121.
105
129. SCOTCH YOKES & CYLINDERS. The Scotch yokes (17-Fig. FO95) which form the pistons, and the large bores in the chamber covers (C) which form the cylinders, should be inspected for wear, scratching, etc. Correct any non-standard condition by renewing the parts. When assembling yokes (pistons) to pump, position them so that the piston portions are closest to each other. Pistons and cylinders are the same as used in 8N tractors.
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Ford 2n series Specifications
General
Brand
Ford
Model
2n series
Category
Lawn Mower
Language
English
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