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Appendix B
Formulas Used
Real Estate
Wrap-Around Mortgage
n
1
= number of years remaining in original mortgage.
PMT
1
= yearly payment of original mortgage.
PV
1
= remaining balance of original mortgage.
n
2
= number of years in wrap-around mortgage.
PMT
2
= yearly payment of wrap-around mortgage.
PV
2
= total amount of wrap-around mortgage.
r = interest rate of wrap-around mortgage as a decimal.
FV = balloon payment.
() ()
()
2
1
1
2
2
12
n
r1FV
r
n
r11PMT
r
n
r11PMT
PVPV
−
++
−
+−
−
−
+−
=−
After-Tax Cash Flows
ATCF
k
= After-Tax Cash Flow for kth year.
Int
k
= interest for kth year.
Dep
k
= depreciation for kth year.
r = appropriate tax rate.
NOI = Net Operating Income.
ATCF
k
= NOI (1 − r) − 12 x PMT + r x (Int
k
+ Dep
k
).
After-Tax Net Cash Proceeds of Resale
CO = capital purchase.
CPR = sales price − closing costs.
r = marginal tax rate.
c= capital gains tax rate.
NCPR = CPR − remaining balance of mortgage.
ATNCPR = NCPR − r x (Total Dep. − SL Dep.) − c x (CPR − CO + SL Dep.)
= NCPR − [c x (CPR − CO) + r x (Total Dep.) +(c − r) x (SL Dep.) ]