Appendix B 159
Securities and Options
Discounted Notes
Price (given discount rate)
B = number of days in year (annual basis).
DR = discount rate (as a decimal).
DSM = number of days from settlement date to maturity date.
P = dollar price per $100 per value.
RV = redemption value per $100 par value.
[]
××−=
B
DSM
RVDRRVP
Yield (given price)
B = number of days in year (annual basis).
DSM = number of days from settlement date to maturity date.
P = dollar price per $100 par value.
RV = redemption value per $100 par value.
Y = annual yield of investment with security held to maturity (as a decimal).
×
−
=
DSM
B
P
PRV
Y
Black-Scholes Formula for Valuing European Options
P = current asset price.
r%= risk-free rate (continuous, per time unit).
s% = volatility (continuous, per time unit).
T = term of option (same time unit as r% and s%).
X = exercise price of option.
N(z)= probability that a unit normal random variable is less than z.
Call Value =
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